Electron microscopic studies on celestial goldfish retina—A possible new type of retinal degeneration in experimental animals

Matsumura, Miyo; Ohkuma, M; Honda, Yoshio

doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(81)80013-9

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The invading cells phagocytize destructed pigment epithelial cells, outer segments, and various destructed cells of the inner retina. Limited numbers of phagocytes, even in normal retinas of common and telescopic-eye goldfish, exist between the pigment epithelium and Bruch's membrane, phagocytizing shed discs of the outer segments [O'Day and Young, 1978;Matsumura et al, 1981]. In celestial goldfish, however, a great number of phagocytes appear and invade into the retina.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regular telescopic-eye goldfish, whose eyes are as large as those of celestial goldfish but protrude laterally, have a retina which is normally organized though fairly thin [Matsumura et al, 1981]. Therefore, it is considered that retinal degeneration of celestial goldfish does not origi nate from only largeness and extrusion of the eyes, but is due to an additional genetic factor of this species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first is that the grade and figures of retinal degeneration are not synchronized in all retinal areas [Matsumura et al, 1981). The second is that eye extrusion is essential to develop retinal degeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have reported a unique retinal degeneration of adult celestial goldfish (Carassius auratus), one of the varieties of common goldfish via telescopic-eye goldfish, but the primary lesion could not be identified [Matsumura et al, 1981], Some experimental animals with hereditary retinal degeneration have been investigated developmentally. In RCS rats, the primary lesion could arise either from some trouble in the photo receptor cells, rendering the outer segments unacceptable to the pigment epithelium, or from a reduced phagocytic activity of the pigment epithelium [Herron et al, 1969;Goldman and O'Brien, 1978].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retinal Degeneration in Celestial Goldfish

Matsumura¹,

Ohkuma²,

Honda³

1982

Ophthalmic Res

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The celestial goldfish were systematically reared from fertilization for life, revealing developmental processes of retinal degeneration. The eyes began to protrude laterally at the age of 90 days, rotated antero-dorsally at 120 days, and thus the ‘celestial eye’ was completed. The retina developed to normal mature structure by the age of 50 days. No degenerative findings were revealed before the start of eye extrusion. The first morphological change, irregular distribution of melanin granules in the pigment epithelial layer and disorientation of the outer segments of photoreceptors, was detected at the age of 90 days. At 120 days, the pigment epithelial layer lost melanin granules at places and was occupied by phagocytes. Photoreceptor cells were destroyed, and phagocytes, containing melanin granules, appeared in the inner retina and/or choroid. The retinal degeneration started simultaneously with eye protrusion. The regular telescopic-eye goldfish have large, extended eyes as those of celestial goldfish, but they develop no retinal degeneration. Celestial goldfish seems to be an interesting new type of hereditary retinal degeneration in vertebrates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retinal Degeneration in Celestial Goldfish

Matsumura¹,

Ohkuma²,

Honda³

1982

Ophthalmic Res

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“…After recording the ERGs, one eye was enucleated and fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde. The tissues were processed for histologic study as described previously [5]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The developmental changes of ERGs on spontaneous retinal degeneration of Celestial goldfish

et al. 1988

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The Celestial goldfish, which belongs to the family of telescope-eye goldfish, displays unique spontaneous retinal degeneration associated with developmental anterodorsal protrusion of the eyeball. We observed concurrent changes in the electroretinogram. At the age of 75 days, the retinal layer was developed fully and the electroretinogram exhibited b-wave dominance similar to that of adult common goldfish. At the age of 105 days, when the eyeball began to protrude laterally, the b-wave amplitude decreased to 52% of its earlier developmental stage, with a prolonged peak time. Histologic change was observed in the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor layers. At the age of 135 days, when the eyeball protruded further anterodorsally, the histologic changes extended to all retinal layers and the ERG b-wave was extinguished. Electrophysiologic and histologic changes in the Celestial goldfish eye were found to be proportional to the grade of eye protrusion. Since similar goldfish do not show these changes, however, the Celestial goldfish may be a new model of hereditary retinal degeneration.

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