Electron microscopic examination of the viromatrix of Rana grylio virus in a fish cell line

Huang, Xiaohong; Huang, Yingwei; Yuan, Xinrui; Zhang, Q.Y.

doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.10.029

Cited by 48 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In our previous studies, an iridovirus isolated from the cultured pig frog (Rana grylio), which is called Rana grylio virus (RGV), has been characterized [17], and a similar apoptotic process has been observed in RGV infected fish cells [18]. Electron microscopic observation displayed large clusters of mitochondria around the viromatrix in the infected cells [18]. The preliminary results imply that RGV infection induces apoptosis, and that the apoptotic process and mechanism might be mitochondrion-mediated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Apoptosis of fish cells can be also triggered by virus infection [14][15][16], but systematic studies on mitochondrial dynamics and the molecular mechanisms are very limited. In our previous studies, an iridovirus isolated from the cultured pig frog (Rana grylio), which is called Rana grylio virus (RGV), has been characterized [17], and a similar apoptotic process has been observed in RGV infected fish cells [18]. Electron microscopic observation displayed large clusters of mitochondria around the viromatrix in the infected cells [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Sample preparation was performed as previously described [18]. The grids containing ultrathin sections were examined with a JEM-1230 electron microscopy at 100 KV and micrographs were taken by CCD camera.…”

Section: Transmission Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis induced by Rana grylio virus infection in fish cells

Huang

Gui

et al. 2007

Apoptosis

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A fish cell line, fathead minnow (FHM) cell, was used to investigate the alteration of mitochondrial dynamics and the mechanism of apoptosis under Rana grylio virus (RGV) infection. Microscopy observations, flow-cytometry analysis and molecular marker detection revealed the apoptotic fate of the RGV-infected cells. Some typical apoptotic characteristics, such as chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial fragmentation, were observed, and significantly morphological changes of mitochondria, including size, shape, internal structure and distribution, were revealed. The mitochondria in RGV-infected cells were aggregated around the viromatrix, and the aggregation could be blocked by colchicine. Moreover, the Dwm collapse was induced, and caspase-9 and caspase-3 were activated in the RGV-infected cells. In addition, NF-jB activation and intracellular Ca 2+ increase were also detected at different times after infection. The data revealed the detailed dynamics of mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis induced by an iridovirus, and provided the first report on mitochondrial fragmentation during virus-induced apoptosis in fish cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis induced by Rana grylio virus infection in fish cells

Huang

Gui

et al. 2007

Apoptosis

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“…It confirmed that RGV 88R was a late gene during in vitro infection. However, RGV 88R was not distributed in viromatrix which is a factory for viral genome replication and particle assembly [32]. It revealed that 88R protein might not be a structural protein in RGV, and Lewis et al has confirmed that a ERV1 homologue, 9GL, existed in African swine fever virus was also a late protein but not a structural protein [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5g, h, I). The compartments were viromatrix in which a large number of RGVs were replicated and assembled [32].…”

Section: Distribution Of Rgv 88rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning, expression and subcellular distribution of a Rana grylio virus late gene encoding ERV1 homologue

2008

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An essential for respiration and viability (ERV1) homologue, 88R, was cloned and characterized from Rana grylio virus (RGV). Database searches found its homologues in all sequenced iridoviruses, and sequence alignment revealed a highly conserved motif shared by all ERV1 family proteins: Cys-X-X-Cys. RT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed that 88R begins to transcribe and translate at 6 h postinfection (p.i.) and remains detectable at 48 h p.i. during RGV infection course. Furthermore, using drug inhibition analysis by a de novo protein synthesis inhibitor and a viral DNA replication inhibitor, RGV 88R was classified as a late (L) viral gene during the in vitro infection. 88R-EGFP fusion protein was observed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of pEGFP-N3-88R transfected EPC cells. Although result of immunofluorescence is similar, 88R protein was not detected in viromatrix. Moreover, function of RGV 88R on virus replication were evaluated by RNAi assay. Nevertheless, effect of knockdown of RGV 88R expression on virus replication was not detected in cultured fish cell lines. Collectively, current data indicate that RGV 88R was a late gene of iridovirus encoding protein that distributed both the cytoplasm and nucleus.

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Family Iridoviridae: Poor Viral Relations No Longer

Chinchar

Hyatt

Miyazaki

et al. 2009

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

179

205

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Members of the family Iridoviridae infect a diverse array of invertebrate and cold-blooded vertebrate hosts and are currently viewed as emerging pathogens of fish and amphibians. Iridovirid replication is unique and involves both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments, a circularly permuted, terminally redundant genome that, in the case of vertebrate iridoviruses, is also highly methylated, and the efficient shutoff of host macromolecular synthesis. Although initially neglected largely due to the perceived lack of health, environmental, and economic concerns, members of the genus Ranavirus , and the newly recognized genus Megalocytivirus , are rapidly attracting

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Electron microscopic examination of the viromatrix of Rana grylio virus in a fish cell line

Cited by 48 publications

References 27 publications

Mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis induced by Rana grylio virus infection in fish cells

Mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis induced by Rana grylio virus infection in fish cells

Cloning, expression and subcellular distribution of a Rana grylio virus late gene encoding ERV1 homologue

Family Iridoviridae: Poor Viral Relations No Longer

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