“…S-100 is a small acidic regulatory protein involved in a wide range of cellular processes and exhibits relative tissue specificity for DCs and cells of neural origin, including melanoma cells (Heizmann et al, 2002). The density of DCs, using either CD1a or S-100 as markers for DC, has been reported for a variety of human cancers including cervix (Younes et al, 1968;Bethwaite et al, 1996), ovary (Eisenthal et al, 2001), lung (Bassett et al, 1974;Fox et al, 1989;Zeid and Muller, 1993), larynx (Schenk, 1980), salivary glands (David and Buchner, 1980), skin (Gatter et al, 1980), breast (Hillenbrand et al, 1999;Coventry et al, 2002), thymus (Hammar et al, 1986), oesophagus (Matsuda et al, 1990), stomach (Tsujitani et al, 1987), pancreas (Dallal et al, 2002), thyroid (Schroder et al, 1988;Willgeroth et al, 1992), colon (Ambe et al, 1989), nasopharynx (Nomori et al, 1986;Gallo et al, 1991a;laryngeal (Gallo et al, 1991b)), oral (Kikuchi et al, 2002), prostate, bladder and kidney (Bigotti et al, 1991;Inoue et al, 1993;Troy et al, 1998aTroy et al, , b, 1999. Furthermore, DC numbers, as measured using either CD1a or S-100 antibodies, have been positively associated with improved outcome (increased survival) for many of these cancers, although the mechanism remains unclear.…”