Electron microdiffraction reveals the nanoscale twist geometry of cellulose nanocrystals

Ogawa, Yu

doi:10.1039/c9nr06044h

Cited by 74 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Left-handed or right-handed helically twisted bacterial microfibrils were observed during cellulose synthesis in Acetobacter xylinum using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 18 , 77 – 79 . Local twisting of microfibrils was also observed through AFM and TEM of Micrasterias denticulata cell walls 80 and through electron microdiffraction of aqueous suspensions of tunicate cellulose nanocrystals 81 . In addition, the cellulose suspension extracted from wood pulp forms a chiral nematic suspension in water 82 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Preferred crystallographic orientation of cellulose in plant primary cell walls

Rongpipi

Kiemle

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on earth, is a versatile, energy rich material found in the cell walls of plants, bacteria, algae, and tunicates. It is well established that cellulose is crystalline, although the orientational order of cellulose crystallites normal to the plane of the cell wall has not been characterized. A preferred orientational alignment of cellulose crystals could be an important determinant of the mechanical properties of the cell wall and of cellulose-cellulose and cellulose-matrix interactions. Here, the crystalline structures of cellulose in primary cell walls of onion (Allium cepa), the model eudicot Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and moss (Physcomitrella patens) were examined through grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). We find that GIWAXS can decouple diffraction from cellulose and epicuticular wax crystals in cell walls. Pole figures constructed from a combination of GIWAXS and X-ray rocking scans reveal that cellulose crystals have a preferred crystallographic orientation with the (200) and (110)/($$1\bar 10$$ 1 1 ¯ 0 ) planes preferentially stacked parallel to the cell wall. This orientational ordering of cellulose crystals, termed texturing in materials science, represents a previously unreported measure of cellulose organization and contradicts the predominant hypothesis of twisting of microfibrils in plant primary cell walls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Preferred crystallographic orientation of cellulose in plant primary cell walls

Rongpipi

Kiemle

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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“…Quantitative data for the twist was provided in two studies on the latter half of the past decade, [ 53,58 ] and further discussed in an electron microdiffraction study by Ogawa. [ 59 ] Moreover, combined computational and experimental evidence was reported by Conley et al. [ 60 ] Based on circular dichroism, the authors calculated a twist of 800 nm period for wood CNCs.…”

Section: Recent Progress In the Fundamental Understanding Of Nanocellmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nanocellulose: Recent Fundamental Advances and Emerging Biological and Biomimicking Applications

et al. 2020

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In the effort toward sustainable advanced functional materials, nanocelluloses have attracted extensive recent attention. Nanocelluloses range from rod‐like highly crystalline cellulose nanocrystals to longer and more entangled cellulose nanofibers, earlier denoted also as microfibrillated celluloses and bacterial cellulose. In recent years, they have spurred research toward a wide range of applications, ranging from nanocomposites, viscosity modifiers, films, barrier layers, fibers, structural color, gels, aerogels and foams, and energy applications, until filtering membranes, to name a few. Still, nanocelluloses continue to show surprisingly high challenges to master their interactions and tailorability to allow well‐controlled assemblies for functional materials. Rather than trying to review the already extensive nanocellulose literature at large, here selected aspects of the recent progress are the focus. Water interactions, which are central for processing for the functional properties, are discussed first. Then advanced hybrid gels toward (multi)stimuli responses, shape‐memory materials, self‐healing, adhesion and gluing, biological scaffolding, and forensic applications are discussed. Finally, composite fibers are discussed, as well as nanocellulose as a strategy for improvement of photosynthesis‐based chemicals production. In summary, selected perspectives toward new directions for sustainable high‐tech functional materials science based on nanocelluloses are described.

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“…[10] Still, nanocellulose is often directly extracted from natural sources (top-down approach), limiting molecular design opportunities and detailed structure-function correlations. [11] Recently, we discovered that simple synthetic oligosaccharides can self-assemble in different morphologies. [12] These systems could offer a new bottom-up approach to understand and exploit carbohydrate materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supramolecular Assembly and Chirality of Synthetic Carbohydrate Materials

et al. 2020

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Hierarchical carbohydrate architectures serve multiple roles in nature. Hardly any correlations between the carbohydrate chemical structures and the material properties are available due to the lack of standards and suitable analytic techniques. Therefore, designer carbohydrate materials remain highly unexplored, as compared to peptides and nucleic acids. A synthetic d-glucose disaccharide, DD, was chosen as a model to explore carbohydrate materials. Microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED), optimized for oligosaccharides, revealed that DD assembled into highly crystalline left-handed helical fibers. The supramolecular architecture was correlated to the local crystal organization, allowing for the design of the enantiomeric right-handed fibers, based on the l-glucose disaccharide, LL, or flat lamellae, based on the racemic mixture. Tunable morphologies and mechanical properties suggest the potential of carbohydrate materials for nanotechnology applications.

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Electron microdiffraction reveals the nanoscale twist geometry of cellulose nanocrystals

Abstract: Electron microdiffraction revealed the nanoscale twist geometries of cellulose nanocrystals under both cryogenic and dry conditions.

Cited by 74 publications

References 43 publications

Preferred crystallographic orientation of cellulose in plant primary cell walls

Preferred crystallographic orientation of cellulose in plant primary cell walls

Nanocellulose: Recent Fundamental Advances and Emerging Biological and Biomimicking Applications

Supramolecular Assembly and Chirality of Synthetic Carbohydrate Materials

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