Electron Image Plane Off-axis Holography of Atomic Structures

Lichte, Hannes

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-029912-6.50006-3

Cited by 138 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Other forms of electron holography are described elsewhere (e.g., Cowley & Spence, 1998). Off-axis electron holography can be divided further into two modes: (i) High-resolution electron holography, in which the interpretable resolution in a high-resolution TEM image can be improved by the use of phase plates to correct for microscope lens aberrations (Lichte, 1991;Lehmann et al, 1999) and (ii) Medium-resolution electron holography, in which magnetic and electrostatic fields in materials can be studied quantitatively, usually with nanometer spatial resolution (Tonomura, 1992;Dunin-Borkowski et al, 2004). Some of the most successful early examples of the application of medium-resolution electron holography include the experimental confirmation of magnetic flux quantization in superconducting toroids (i.e., the Aharonov-Bohm effect) and the study of magnetic flux vortices in superconductors (Tonomura et al, 1986;Matsuda et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Holography of Magnetic Materials

Kasama¹,

Dunin‐Borkowski²,

Beleggia³

2011

Holography - Different Fields of Application

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Holography of Magnetic Materials

Kasama¹,

Dunin‐Borkowski²,

Beleggia³

2011

Holography - Different Fields of Application

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“…Electron holography is a TEM technique that can reveal phase shifts in electron waves caused by magnetic fields [35,36]. A key question is how the magnetically heterogeneous nano-objects respond to applied magnetic fields individually and collectively, which is essential as far as potential applications are concerned.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscale magnetic compasses

Shiozawa

Zhang

Eisterer

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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We have synthesized nanoscale magnetic compasses with high yield. These ferromagnetic iron carbide nano-particles, which are encapsulated in a pair of parallel carbon needles, change their direction in response to an external magnetic field. Electron holography reveals magnetic fields confined to the vicinity of the bicone-shaped particles, which are composed of few ferromagnetic domains. Aligned magnetically and encapsulated in an acrylate polymer matrix, these nano-compasses exhibit anisotropic bulk magnetic permeability with an easy axis normal to the needle direction, that can be understood as a result of the anisotropic demagnetizing field of a non-spherical single-domain particle. This novel material with orthogonal magnetic and structural axes could be highly useful as magnetic components in electromagnetic wave absorbent materials and magnetorheological fluids.

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“…Our subject is, however, aberration correction and it was not for some years that Gabor's original ambition was realized optically (Tonomura et al 1979) and digitally (Franke et al 1987;Lichte 1990Lichte , 1991Lichte , 1993Fu et al 1991). An attempt to recreate the conditions envisaged by Gabor was made by Juliet Rogers (1978aRogers ( ,b, 1980, who had an extraordinarily bad glass lens manufactured in order to model the optics of an electron microscope.…”

Section: Correcting Images Not Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberration correction past and present

Hawkes

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

106

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Electron lenses are extremely poor: if glass lenses were as bad, we should see as well with the naked eye as with a microscope! The demonstration by Otto Scherzer in 1936 that skilful lens design could never eliminate the spherical and chromatic aberrations of rotationally symmetric electron lenses was therefore most unwelcome and the other great electron optician of those years, Walter Glaser, never ceased striving to find a loophole in Scherzer's proof. In the wartime and early post-war years, the first proposals for correcting C s were made and in 1947, in a second milestone paper, Scherzer listed these and other ways of correcting lenses; soon after, Dennis Gabor invented holography for the same purpose. These approaches will be briefly summarized and the work that led to the successful implementation of quadupole-octopole and sextupole correctors in the 1990s will be analysed. In conclusion, the elegant role of image algebra in describing image formation and processing and, above all, in developing new methods will be mentioned.

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Electron Image Plane Off-axis Holography of Atomic Structures

Cited by 138 publications

References 25 publications

Electron Holography of Magnetic Materials

Electron Holography of Magnetic Materials

Microscale magnetic compasses

Aberration correction past and present

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