“…In the following, we show that important qualitative and quantitative changes take place in the wave-particle nonlinear dynamics when the effect of "phase locked" particles in non-perturbative. When fluctuations maintain wave-particle resonance condition via "phase locking" through the nonlinear evolution, the chirping rate is proportional to mode amplitude, as observed experimentally, e.g., by (Heidbrink, 2008;Podestà et al, 2011), and in numerical simulations of nonlinear EPM evolutions Vlad et al, 2004Vlad et al, , 1999Zonca et al, 2002) as well as nonlinear fishbone dynamics Vlad et al, 2012Vlad et al, , 2013. This behavior is also demonstrated analytically for nonlinear EPM dynamics .…”