Electron Beam Melting of Niobium Alloys from Blended Powders

Ledford, Christopher; Rock, Christopher; O’Dell, Scott; Horn, Timothy

doi:10.3390/ma14195536

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[ 48,49 ] In EBM, YS, UTS, and elongation were 366.5, 428.5 MPa, and 23.6%, respectively. [ 27 ] The tensile strength of WAAM‐NbZr1 is comparable with the conventional and AM‐fabricated NbZr1. The ductility in most of the cases was better compared to the other manufacturing process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Investigations of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Wire + Arc Additively Manufactured Niobium–Zirconium Alloy

et al. 2023

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Herein, the feasibility of the gas tungsten arc welding‐based wire + arc additive manufacturing process for fabricating thin wall structures of niobium‐1 wt% zirconium (NbZr1) alloy is investigated. Three different heat input conditions (low, medium, and high) have been selected for fabricating it. The microstructure is characterized by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The microstructure shows the columnar dendritic structure elongated in the build direction. No cracks or porosity are observed in the structure. Average Vickers hardness for low, medium, and high heat input conditions are 146.6, 162.1, and 163.5 HV, respectively. There is an increasing trend of microhardness value along the deposition height, which can be attributed to the difference in secondary dendritic arm spacing and the formation of precipitates. The tensile strength of the specimen is comparable to the conventional and additively manufactured structures. EBSD analysis confirms that possible subgrains are responsible for good mechanical properties at room temperature. In the majority of the tensile samples, the failure mechanism has been identified as a ductile fracture. The mechanical characteristics fluctuate with locations in each of the thin walls, suggesting anisotropy in the deposits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Tensile strength varied within 444–525 MPa for different process conditions. Hankwitz et al [ 27 ] analyzed the feasibility of EBM of NbZr1 and Nb‐based tungsten alloy. They also performed post‐processing heat treatment to achieve satisfactory mechanical properties.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Wire + Arc Additively Manufactured Niobium–Zirconium Alloy

et al. 2023

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“…Popov et al used elemental powder blends to synthesize the high-entropy alloy Al0.5CrMoNbTa0.5 [17]. Hankwitz et al fabricated niobium-tungsten-zirconium alloys from blends of plasma spheroidized powders [18]. The as-built microstructure is still inhomogeneous, but post-processing heat treatments can mitigate the defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion of Water Atomized Iron and Powder Blends

et al. 2022

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In the present state of the art, highly spherical alloy powders are employed as feedstock in powder bed fusion processes. These powders are characterized by high flowability and apparent density. Their elaborate fabrication process is reflected in high powder price, adding a significant fraction to the cost of additively manufactured parts. Thus, the use of non-spherical powders, such as water atomized material, can lower costs significantly. Here, the electron beam powder bed fusion (PBF-EB) of standard water atomized iron powder used for press-and-sinter is studied. Despite raking problems, using the coating mechanism in standard configuration samples with densities exceeding 99% were fabricated. In a further step, the addition of alloying elements by powder blending is explored. Important powder properties of feedstock blended from irregular and spherical powders are characterized. The PBF-EB processing of two alloys is presented. The first represents a low carbon steel. Samples were characterized by metallographic cross-section, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping, and mechanical testing. The second alloy system is a FeCrAl. After PBF-EB processing of the powder mixture, chemical homogeneity was achieved. Besides the low cost, this approach of using water atomized powder mixed with master alloy offers the advantage of high flexibility for potential application.

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Strength Behavior of Niobium-Based Refractory Systems

Joshi,

Kumar

2024

JOM

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Electron Beam Melting of Niobium Alloys from Blended Powders

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Investigations of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Wire + Arc Additively Manufactured Niobium–Zirconium Alloy

Investigations of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Wire + Arc Additively Manufactured Niobium–Zirconium Alloy

Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion of Water Atomized Iron and Powder Blends

Strength Behavior of Niobium-Based Refractory Systems

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