Electromyography of Pelvic Floor Muscles in Rats

Gómez, Yolanda Cruz; Jiang, Haihong; Zaszczurynski, Paul; Juárez, Raúl; Pastelín, C.F.; Damaser, Margot S.

doi:10.5772/23879

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…An additional limitation to the study is the anatomical difference between the rabbit and human urogenital system. The rat model has been commonly studied to evaluate bladder and pelvic floor function 40 ; in this study, the rabbit was chosen due to the larger pelvic floor muscles, and anatomical and functional characterization of the multiparity and aging effects that includes neural dysfunction in nerve conduction, muscle damage, and urethral and bladder abnormalities 22 . www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Together, our results suggest that neuromodulation of the perineal and pelvic nerves that directly control individual muscles can be used for the selective treatment of SUI and other pelvic dysfunctions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted neuromodulation of pelvic floor nerves in aging and multiparous rabbits improves continence

Hernández-Reynoso

Corona-Quintanilla

López-García

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Pelvic floor muscle stretch injury during pregnancy and birth is associated with the incidence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), a condition that affects 30–60% of the female population and is characterized by involuntary urine leakage during physical activity, further exacerbated by aging. Aging and multiparous rabbits suffer pelvic nerve and muscle damage, resulting in alterations in pelvic floor muscular contraction and low urethral pressure, resembling SUI. However, the extent of nerve injury is not fully understood. Here, we used electron microscopy analysis of pelvic and perineal nerves in multiparous rabbits to describe the extent of stretch nerve injury based on axon count, axon size, myelin-to-axon ratio, and elliptical ratio. Compared to young nulliparous controls, mid-age multiparous animals showed an increase in the density of unmyelinated axons and in myelin thickness in both nerves, albeit more significant in the bulbospongiosus nerve. This revealed a partial but sustained damage to these nerves, and the presence of some regenerated axons. Additionally, we tested whether electrical stimulation of the bulbospongiosus nerve would induce muscle contraction and urethral closure. Using a miniature wireless stimulator implanted on this perineal nerve in young nulliparous and middle age multiparous female rabbits, we confirmed that these partially damaged nerves can be acutely depolarized, either at low (2–5 Hz) or medium (10–20 Hz) frequencies, to induce a proportional increase in urethral pressure. Evaluation of micturition volume in the mid-age multiparous animals after perineal nerve stimulation, effectively reversed a baseline deficit, increasing it 2-fold (p = 0.02). These results support the notion that selective neuromodulation of pelvic floor muscles might serve as a potential treatment for SUI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted neuromodulation of pelvic floor nerves in aging and multiparous rabbits improves continence

Hernández-Reynoso

Corona-Quintanilla

López-García

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Values of bladder pressure just prior to LPP testing (tonic activity) and at the peak pressure (peak value) of LPP testing were determined. Quantitative assessment of EUS EMG signals was performed by determining the mean rectified amplitude and the mean firing rate of tonic activity during bladder filling and at the pressure peak of the LPP test, as previously described (10). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome Promotes Elastogenesis and Facilitates Recovery from Simulated Childbirth Injury

et al. 2014

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Vaginal delivery is a risk factor for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) home to injured organs and can facilitate repair. The goal of this study was to determine if MSCs home to pelvic organs after simulated childbirth injury and facilitate recovery from SUI via paracrine factors. Three experiments were performed. Eighteen female rats received vaginal distension (VD) or sham VD and labeled intravenous (IV) MSCs to investigate if MSCs home to the pelvic organs. Whole-organ imaging and immunofluorescence were performed 1 week later. Thirty-four female rats received VD and IV MSCs, VD and IV saline, or sham VD and IV saline to investigate if MSCs accelerate recovery of continence. Twenty-nine female rats received VD and periurethral concentrated conditioned media (CCM), VD and periurethral control media, or sham VD and periurethral control media to investigate if factors secreted by MSCs accelerate recovery from VD. Urethral histology and function were assessed 1 week later. Significantly more MSCs were observed in the urethra, vagina, and spleen after VD compared to sham VD. Continence as measured by leak point pressure (LPP) was significantly reduced after VD in rats treated with saline or control media compared to sham VD but not in those given MSCs or CCM. External urethral sphincter (EUS) function as measured by electromyography (EMG) was not improved with MSCs or CCM. Rats treated with MSCs or CCM demonstrated an increase in elastin fibers near the EUS and urethral smooth muscle more similar to that of sham-injured animals than rats treated with saline or control media. MSCs homed to the urethra and vagina and facilitated recovery of continence most likely via secretion of paracrine factors. Both MSCs and CCM have promise as novel noninvasive therapies for SUI.

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Pelvic sexual dimorphism and its association with cranial morphology in Neotropical spiny rats (Rodentia, Echimyidae)

Tavares

Pessôa

2022

J Mammal Evol

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Electromyography of Pelvic Floor Muscles in Rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 82 publications

Targeted neuromodulation of pelvic floor nerves in aging and multiparous rabbits improves continence

Targeted neuromodulation of pelvic floor nerves in aging and multiparous rabbits improves continence

Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome Promotes Elastogenesis and Facilitates Recovery from Simulated Childbirth Injury

Pelvic sexual dimorphism and its association with cranial morphology in Neotropical spiny rats (Rodentia, Echimyidae)

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