Electromyographic activity of masticatory, neck and trunk muscles of subjects with different skeletal facial morphology – a cross‐sectional evaluation

Abstract

The electromyographic pattern activity of masticatory, neck and trunk muscles was assessed using surface electromyography (sEMG) in 60 Caucasian adult females (20 subjects in skeletal class I, 20 subjects in skeletal class II and 20 subjects in skeletal class III), classified on the base of their skeletal class (ANB angle), corrected on the base of maxillary and mandibular rotations. The sEMG activity was recorded at mandibular rest position and during maximal voluntary clenching. At mandibular rest position, the sEMG activities of masseter and anterior temporal muscles were significantly higher in class III subjects than in class I and class II subjects, that showed no significant difference between them. Then, the sEMG activities of posterior cervicals and upper trapezius were significantly higher in skeletal class III subjects than in the other two groups. During maximal voluntary clenching, no significant difference was observed in the sEMG activity of masticatory muscles among the three considered groups. However, the sEMG activities of posterior cervicals and upper trapezius were significantly higher in skeletal class III subjects than in the other two groups, which showed no significant difference between them. In conclusion, the skeletal class seems to affect the sEMG pattern activity of masticatory, neck and trunk muscles.

EMG spectral characteristics of masticatory muscles and upper trapezius during maximum voluntary teeth clenching

“…Current evidence underlines the existence of close interrelationships between the different components of the cranio-cervicalmandibular system, with coordinated activities of the mandibular, neck and trunk muscles (Armijo-Olivo and Magee, 2007;Ceneviz et al, 2006;Ferrario et al, 2003Ferrario et al, , 2006Ferrario et al, , 2007Learreta et al, 2007;Miralles et al, 2002;Pallegama et al, 2004;Tecco et al, 2007Tecco et al, , 2008Tecco et al, , 2011Zuniga et al, 1995). In healthy subjects, a quantitative assessment of these muscles during the performance of physiological jaw and neck movements may offer some knowledge about the normal mechanisms of their integrated action and nervous control (Armijo-Olivo and Magee, 2007;Ceneviz et al, 2006;Ferrario et al, 2003Ferrario et al, , 2006Forrester et al, 2010;Learreta et al, 2007;Miralles et al, 2002;Zuniga et al, 1995).…”

“…In clinics, the concomitant assessment of mandibular and neck muscles may help to better understand a patient's problems, also permitting a quantitative monitoring of the effect of treatment (Pallegama et al, 2004;Svensson et al, 2004;Tecco et al, 2007Tecco et al, , 2008. For example, patients with myogenous temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) have been reported to have a larger resting activity of sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius muscles (Pallegama et al, 2004), and the use of an occlusal splint can significantly reduce their neck muscular activity (Tecco et al, 2008).…”

Estudo eletromiográfico da deglutição na musculatura supra-hióidea em sujeitos Classe Ie III de Angle

“…Métodos: foram realizados registros eletromiográfi-cos de superfície em 32 voluntários saudáveis e sem Disfunção Temporomandibular, subdivididos em dois grupos, 16 Uma ação conjunta e equilibrada das estruturas maxilo-mandibular com o sistema muscular é de suma importância para que funções, como: mastigação 7 , deglutição, fala e respiração, ocorram de forma eficiente 8 Em casos de desvios crânio-faciais e/ou oclusais é esperado que a plasticidade dos tecidos moles favoreça mecanismos de adaptação [9][10][11] , dentre os quais se destaca o das compensações musculares 12 que buscam o equilíbrio do sistema estomatogná-tico para a execução das tarefas. A compreensão de como a musculatura atua nesses sujeitos, no entanto, ainda é pouco conhecida 13,14 . Dinâmicas musculares em indivíduos com discrepâncias esqueletais como prognatismo mandibular ilustram claramente tais situações.…”

“…Estudos relatam sua importância desde a fase de crescimento crânio-facial, por exercerem influência significativa na conformação óssea [4][5][6] . 17,18 , do abaixamento e estabilização mandibular 19 , elevação e anteriorização do osso hioide 13,14,17,18 e possui inserções conjuntas à musculatura da língua , a qual é intensamente recrutada nos sujeitos prognatas 20 . Como uma das preconizações fonoaudiológicas é a interveção mioterápica, a compreensão do comportamento muscular é de suma importância para a avaliação, diagnóstico 21 planejamento terapêutico, desenvolvimento de técnicas 22 , prognóstico e compreensão de recidivas do tratamento 23,24 .…”

Can Masticatory Electromyography be Normalised to Submaximal Bite Force?

“…Some previous studies have presented facial EMG data as absolute values rather than normalising them to a common EMG signal (4,7,14). However, the amount of variation due to differences in sex, skin thickness, and electrode placement can be reduced if the results are normalised.…”