Electromagnetic tomography for brain imaging: Initial assessment for stroke detection

Semenov, Serguei; Planas, Ramón; Hopfer, Markus; Hamidipour, Abouzar; Василенко, А. Ф.; Stoegmann, Elisabeth; Auff, Eduard

doi:10.1109/biocas.2015.7348385

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Microwave imaging relies on the contrast of the dielectric properties between healthy and unhealthy tissue. Although utilization of microwave frequencies was pioneered for sensing systems for anomaly detection2122232425 and experimental results to identify ICH25 are available in the literature, the imaging of the head interior is demanded to localize ICH position inside the head26272829303132333435363738. Again, for rapid detection of ICH over-simplification of the electromagnetic radiation is noted for the sensing systems, e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On-site Rapid Diagnosis of Intracranial Hematoma using Portable Multi-slice Microwave Imaging System

Mobashsher

Abbosh

2016

Sci Rep

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Rapid, on-the-spot diagnostic and monitoring systems are vital for the survival of patients with intracranial hematoma, as their conditions drastically deteriorate with time. To address the limited accessibility, high costs and static structure of currently used MRI and CT scanners, a portable non-invasive multi-slice microwave imaging system is presented for accurate 3D localization of hematoma inside human head. This diagnostic system provides fast data acquisition and imaging compared to the existing systems by means of a compact array of low-profile, unidirectional antennas with wideband operation. The 3D printed low-cost and portable system can be installed in an ambulance for rapid on-site diagnosis by paramedics. In this paper, the multi-slice head imaging system’s operating principle is numerically analysed and experimentally validated on realistic head phantoms. Quantitative analyses demonstrate that the multi-slice head imaging system is able to generate better quality reconstructed images providing 70% higher average signal to clutter ratio, 25% enhanced maximum signal to clutter ratio and with around 60% hematoma target localization compared to the previous head imaging systems. Nevertheless, numerical and experimental results demonstrate that previous reported 2D imaging systems are vulnerable to localization error, which is overcome in the presented multi-slice 3D imaging system. The non-ionizing system, which uses safe levels of very low microwave power, is also tested on human subjects. Results of realistic phantom and subjects demonstrate the feasibility of the system in future preclinical trials.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

On-site Rapid Diagnosis of Intracranial Hematoma using Portable Multi-slice Microwave Imaging System

Mobashsher

Abbosh

2016

Sci Rep

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“…Most of the reported head imaging systems utilize frequencies between 0.5-4 GHz in narrowband or wideband manner, as a compromise between the image resolution and signal penetration [14,15,[38][39][40][41][42][43]. The size of the antenna is the major design concern at these low frequencies, especially when wideband is demanded.…”

Section: Existing Microwave-based Head Imaging Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, an MT system was manufactured ( Fig. 2.2) (EMTensor Brain Imaging System Generation 1 (EMT BRIM G1)) with 160 antennas operating from 0.9 to 1.1 GHz located in 5 rings [39,40]. …”

Section: Microwave Tomography Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wideband microwave imaging system for brain injury diagnosis

Mobashsher¹

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Brain injury is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide. This medical emergency occurs when the brain is damaged as a result of various traumatic and non-traumatic incidences including accidents, strokes, drug abuses, tumours, infections and various diseases. As the devastating disorder of brain injury deteriorates rapidly, fast diagnosis and management is critically important for the treatment and recovery of the affected patient. Therefore, on-the-spot accurate detection by means of head imaging is the governing factor of the timely medication to ensure complete recovery of the injured patient. Although some existing imaging technologies, like CT and MRI, are capable for brain injury diagnosis, they are time-consuming, expensive, bulky and mostly stationary. Thus they cannot be carried by first response paramedic teams for the diagnosis purpose or be used for monitoring the patient to observe concurrent brain injury over periods of time without moving the patient. A compact and mobile technology that can be applied to monitor the patient continuously in real time, either at the bedside or in emergency room, would be a significant advantage comparing to the existing imaging techniques. This thesis aims to develop wideband microwave imaging systems for brain injury diagnosis and in doing so makes seven main contributions to the field of microwave imaging systems.As the efficacy of the microwave imaging systems relies on the sensing antennas, emphasize is given in the developments of compact, wideband antennas with directional radiation patterns for low microwave frequencies, which is the first contribution of this thesis. Three-dimensional (3D) antennas are proposed relying on multiple folding and slot-loading techniques. Nevertheless, a novel generalized miniaturization technique is proposed for compact antennas. The antennas are found to be efficient in both near-and far-fields for both frequency-and time-domain characterizations.The second contribution is the development of artificial human head phantom with realistic heterogeneous tissue distributions and actual wideband frequency-dispersive dielectric properties.The phantom is fabricated from artificial tissue emulating materials which are contained and structured by using 3D printed structures and castes. This realistic 3D human head phantom significantly improves the reliability of the experimental validation process of wideband microwave imaging compared to the reported validations with existing simple and stylized head phantoms.The contribution third contribution is the performance comparison of directional and omni-directional antennas for wideband microwave head imaging systems. A novel near-field time-domain characterization technique is proposed that enables the comparative analysis of antennas for nearfield applications. Application of this technique demonstrates that for microwave imaging systems directional antennas are more effective than omni-directional antennas. In terms of imaging performance, it is observed that directio...

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“…Some other head stroke imaging or classification systems based on microwave technique were proposed in [41]- [43]. In [41]- [42], complete microwave head imaging systems were constructed based on tomography method. Totally 160 antennas were used in the system and operated at the frequency of 1 GHz.…”

Section: Microwave Systems Applied For Brain Stroke Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) (b) Fig 2. 13 (a) Configuration of the tomography-based head imaging system, (b) system prototype of the tomographybased imaging system [41]- [42] However, only a few tomography-based microwave head imaging systems were built over the past few years and the system reported in [41]- [42] is a typical one. Fig 2.13 (a)-(b) illustrate the configuration and prototype of the tomography-based head imaging system.…”

Section: Tomography-based Microwave Head Imaging Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and imaging techniques for microwave-based head imaging

Guo¹

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Electromagnetic tomography for brain imaging: Initial assessment for stroke detection

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

On-site Rapid Diagnosis of Intracranial Hematoma using Portable Multi-slice Microwave Imaging System

On-site Rapid Diagnosis of Intracranial Hematoma using Portable Multi-slice Microwave Imaging System

Wideband microwave imaging system for brain injury diagnosis

Processing and imaging techniques for microwave-based head imaging

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