Electromagnetic Separation of Nonmetallic Inclusion from Liquid Metal by Imposition of High Frequency Magnetic Field

Kinetics Evaluation of Inclusions Removal during Levitation Melting of Steel in Cold Crucible

“…The electrical conductivity of aluminum oxide cluster is assumed to be proportional to the volume ratio of liquid steel in the cluster. 13) Diffusion coefficient used in the calculation is the effective diffusion coefficient obtained from the turbulent flow simulation. On the slag type inclusions, the evaluation is to leave the density of inclusions as fixed value as 3 000 kg/m 3 .…”

Separation of electrically neutral non-metallic inclusions from molten steel by pulsed electric current

“…These methods are generally applicable for elimination of inclusion particles above 20 μm in diameter, and require significant energy consumption and cost. 2,[4][5][6][7][8][9] Removal of inclusions of less than 20 μm may be accomplished by filtration using ceramic foam filters, 10 but with limited (and controversial) filtration efficiency. 11 Inclusion levels can be reduced in steelmaking by careful manipulation of the inclusion chemistry (with Ca and Al) to produce a liquid inclusion which is easier to remove at steelmaking temperatures.…”

Modelling the Electromagnetic Separation of Non-metallic Particles from Liquid Metal Flowing through a Two-stage Multichannel

“…Laboratory-scale experiments have demonstrated successfully the separation of (i) non-metallic inclusions (Al 2 O 3 4) or SiC 5) ) from Al melt, (ii) Fe-rich phase from hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys, 3,6) primary Si particles from hypereutectic Al-Si alloys, 7) and Fe-Al-Zn dross from galvanizing Zn melt, 8,9) where a single straightpass circular or square separator with a uniform cross-section are commonly used. For industrial applications, the feasibility of using a bundle of small channels for inclusion removal has also been investigated.…”