Abstract:A novel Lorentz-FDTD method was proposed to analyze scattered fields from moving complex dielectric in this paper. Different from other methods, we present a special way to introduce the incident plane wave in the moving system. The scattered fields are transformed from the moving system to the rest system with the Lorentz transformation and linear interpolation technique. Numerical results verify the accuracy and validation of the proposed method to calculate scattered fields from moving dielectric slabs.
“…In recent years, the Lorentz-FDTD method, avoiding the field interpolation on the moving interface, has been dominant in solving relativistic scattering problems, due to its numerical stability compared to the RBC-FDTD method. An incident plane wave was introduced into the moving coordinate system, then the double Doppler effects for scattered fields of a moving conducting surface [18] and moving dielectric slabs [19] at different speeds were analyzed by the Lorentz-FDTD method. Reflected and transmitted fields from the moving multilayered dielectric slab illuminated by an impulse source were also discussed by the Lorentz-FDTD method [20].…”
Development of hypersonic aircraft demands relativistic electromagnetic scattering modeling of a high-speed moving dielectric coated object, which is applied to the recognition and tracking of moving stealth object. However, far-zone polarized scatterings from a moving 3D dielectric coated object have not been investigated so far. This paper addresses this problem by combining the finite-difference time-domain method with Lorentz transformation (Lorentz-FDTD). Through Lorentz transformation and the principle of phase invariance, the frequency, propagation direction, magnitude of the incident plane wave and the size of the moving object in the laboratory frame, which is stationary with respect to the free space, are transformed to those in the rest frame that moves with the moving object. The scattered field near the object is solved by the FDTD method with full permittivity and conductivity tensors in the rest frame, then farzone polarized scattered field is obtained by the implementation of near-to-far field transformation. Through Lorentz transformation for coordinates, the polarized Radar Cross Sections (RCSs) of moving plasma coated objects are solved. Especially, the scattering characteristics of radial radar cross sections of moving objects are discussed. Several numerical experiments are carried out, the efficiency and the accuracy of the proposed method are validated. INDEX TERMS Finite-difference time domain (FDTD), Lorentz-transformation, high-speed, anisotropic media.
“…In recent years, the Lorentz-FDTD method, avoiding the field interpolation on the moving interface, has been dominant in solving relativistic scattering problems, due to its numerical stability compared to the RBC-FDTD method. An incident plane wave was introduced into the moving coordinate system, then the double Doppler effects for scattered fields of a moving conducting surface [18] and moving dielectric slabs [19] at different speeds were analyzed by the Lorentz-FDTD method. Reflected and transmitted fields from the moving multilayered dielectric slab illuminated by an impulse source were also discussed by the Lorentz-FDTD method [20].…”
Development of hypersonic aircraft demands relativistic electromagnetic scattering modeling of a high-speed moving dielectric coated object, which is applied to the recognition and tracking of moving stealth object. However, far-zone polarized scatterings from a moving 3D dielectric coated object have not been investigated so far. This paper addresses this problem by combining the finite-difference time-domain method with Lorentz transformation (Lorentz-FDTD). Through Lorentz transformation and the principle of phase invariance, the frequency, propagation direction, magnitude of the incident plane wave and the size of the moving object in the laboratory frame, which is stationary with respect to the free space, are transformed to those in the rest frame that moves with the moving object. The scattered field near the object is solved by the FDTD method with full permittivity and conductivity tensors in the rest frame, then farzone polarized scattered field is obtained by the implementation of near-to-far field transformation. Through Lorentz transformation for coordinates, the polarized Radar Cross Sections (RCSs) of moving plasma coated objects are solved. Especially, the scattering characteristics of radial radar cross sections of moving objects are discussed. Several numerical experiments are carried out, the efficiency and the accuracy of the proposed method are validated. INDEX TERMS Finite-difference time domain (FDTD), Lorentz-transformation, high-speed, anisotropic media.
“…As a result, the Lorentz-FDTD method has become the preferred approach for addressing relativistic scattering problems. Te Lorentz-FDTD method has been employed to investigate double Doppler efects of scatterings from moving conducting surfaces [22] and moving dielectric slabs [23] at various velocities when the incident plane wave is introduced into the rest system. Tis analysis provided insight into the scattering from high-speed moving objects and demonstrated the efectiveness of the Lorentz-FDTD method in accurately modeling such phenomena.…”
Accurate modeling of relativistic electromagnetic scattering characteristics from high-speed motion of plasma coated objects is crucial for the development of hypersonic aircraft and their applications in the identification and surveillance of moving stealth targets. Nevertheless, a solution for bistatic polarized radar cross sections (RCSs) from a 3-D object with plasma coated layer in motion has yet to be obtained. This manuscript proposes a solution to this problem by employing a combination of the auxiliary differential equation (ADE) method with Lorentz finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Utilizing the Lorentz transformation, this paper presents the transformation of parameters of the incident plane wave and dimensions of the object between the laboratory system that remains static and the rest system that remains stationary relative to the object in high-speed motion. The near-zone electromagnetic fields near the object are computed using the ADE method in the rest system, after which the near-field to far-field (NF-FF) transformation is employed to obtain the far-zone polarized scattered field. By applying Lorentz transformation to the coordinates, this paper presents a solution for the polarized scattering from moving plasma coated objects. Especially, radial components of the polarized scatterings are analyzed. The proposed method is validated through several numerical experiments, demonstrating its efficiency and accuracy.
“…This issue is well-known. There have been only two workarounds in the litterature so far [23][24][25][26][27], both based on the FDTD technique [28,29], probably selected for its natural incarnation of both spatial and temporal variations in Maxwell's equations. However, one of these approaches is restricted to non-penetrable objects [23,24], while the other one implies cumbersome Lorentz frame transformations [25][26][27].…”
Electromagnetic scattering in moving structures is a fundamental topic in physics and engineering. Yet, no general numerical solution to related problems has been reported to date. We introduce here a generalized FDTD scheme to remedy this deficiency. That scheme is an extension of the FDTD standard Yee cell and stencil that includes not only the usual, physical fields, but also auxiliary, unphysical fields allowing a straightforward application of moving boundary conditions. The proposed scheme is illustrated by four examples -a moving interface, a moving slab, a moving crystal and a moving gradient -with systematic validation against exact solutions.
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