Electromagnetic Methods

Dérobert, Xavier; Balayssac, Jean-Paul; Sbartaï, Zoubir Mehdi; Dumoulin, Jean

doi:10.1016/b978-1-78548-229-8.50003-0

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Electromagnetic, elastic wave, optical sensing and infrared thermography methods are widely used in civil engineering for inspecting hard surfaces such as concrete [15,[461][462][463][464]. They are mainly used for determining concrete cover depth and locating rebars with an estimate of their diameter [465].…”

Section: Limitation On the Evaluation Of Corrosion Rate And Interest Of Combining Ndt Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforced concrete structures: A review of corrosion mechanisms and advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring

Rodrigues

Gaboreau

Gance

et al. 2021

Construction and Building Materials

182

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Steel corrosion is the main cause of deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. We provide an up-to-date review on corrosion mechanisms and recent advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring. When assessing corrosion mechanism, the inherent heterogeneity of RC structures and the significant effect of environmental factors remain major issues in data interpretations. The steel surface condition and local inhomogeneities at the steel-concrete interface appear to have an important effect on corrosion initiation. Considering uniform corrosion in atmospherically exposed reinforced concrete, the two main influencing factors of the corrosion process are the water content and the pore structure at the steel-concrete interface. However, irrespective of the depassivation mechanism, i.e. carbonation or chloride-induced corrosion, nonuniform corrosion is expected to be the main process for RC structures due to local variations in environmental exposure or the presence of interconnected rebars with different properties. Future studies may then be focused on their effect on macrocell corrosion to gain further insights in the corrosion mechanisms of RC structures. Concerning corrosion monitoring using electrical methods, the half-cell potential technique with potential mapping is accurate for locating areas with a high corrosion risk. Recent developments in the measurement of concrete resistivity have shown that the use of electrical resistivity tomography allows to consider appropriately the inherent heterogeneity of concrete and provides more insights on transport phenomena (e.g. water and salts ingress) in the material. Nevertheless, during the corrosion propagation stage, the polarization resistance remains the most important parameter to be determined as it provides quantitative information of the corrosion rate. If conventional three-electrode configuration methods can supply an accurate determination in the case of uniform corrosion, they often fail in the case of macrocell corrosion in field experiments. Recent advances have shown that a four-electrode configuration without any connection to the rebar can rather be used for the non-destructive testing and evaluation of corrosion. If studies are still required to quantify the corrosion rate, this method appears sensitive to localized corrosion and thus more suitable to field investigations. Finally, the coupling of numerical simulations with complementary electrical and other non-destructive testing methods is essential for consolidating the results to provide a better diagnosis of the service life of RC structures.

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Section: Limitation On the Evaluation Of Corrosion Rate And Interest Of Combining Ndt Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforced concrete structures: A review of corrosion mechanisms and advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring

Rodrigues

Gaboreau

Gance

et al. 2021

Construction and Building Materials

182

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“…The human body emits thermal radiation continuously. The higher the body Int J Artif Intell ISSN: 2252-8938  temperature, the greater is the intensity of the emitted infrared energy [4]. Infrared thermography is a contactless, adaptable, and noncalamitous technique used to measure body temperatures [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial recognition and body temperature measurements based on thermal images using a deep-learning algorithm

Dwijayanti

Ramadhan

Suprapto

2023

IJ-AI

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<p>Recognizing the early symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) is essential for minimizing its spread. One of the typical symptoms of a person infected with COVID-19 is increased body temperature beyond the normal range. Facial recognition can be used to separate healthy people from those with high body temperatures based on thermal images of the faces. In this study, the XEAST XE-27 thermal imager modes 2, 3, and 4 comprising 1500 thermal images each were compared. The facial recognition was performed using a convolutional neural network. Additionally, body temperatures were extracted from thermal images using matrix laboratory (MATLAB) by considering the minimum and maximum temperatures of each mode and class. The network training results indicate that the accuracies achieved by the proposed facial recognition system in modes 2, 3, and 4 are 87.33%, 92.33%, and 91.66%, respectively. Furthermore, the accuracies of body temperature extraction in modes 2, 3, and 4 are 70%, 60%, and 40%, respectively. Thus, the proposed system serves as a contactless technique for the early detection of COVID-19 symptoms by combining facial recognition and body temperature measurements.</p>

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Electromagnetic Methods

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Reinforced concrete structures: A review of corrosion mechanisms and advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring

Reinforced concrete structures: A review of corrosion mechanisms and advances in electrical methods for corrosion monitoring

Facial recognition and body temperature measurements based on thermal images using a deep-learning algorithm

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