Electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) and subjective health complaints associated with electromagnetic fields of mobile phone communication—a literature review published between 2000 and 2004

Seitz, Heike; Stinner, Daniel J.; Eikmann, T; Herr, Caroline; Röösli, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.05.009

Cited by 98 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Moreover, the generation of ROS and oxidized products, such as, p-quinone and aminochrome, has been reported during the nonenzymatic autooxidation of 6-OHDA (Soto-Otero et al, 2000;Seitz et al, 2005). In addition, it has been reported that 6-OHDA itself (rather than its oxidation products) is responsible for neurotoxicity by inhibiting respiratory chain enzymes (Glinka and Youdim, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of fustin, a flavonoid from Rhus verniciflua Stokes, on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell death

Park

Lee²,

Park³

et al. 2007

Exp Mol Med

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Abstract6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a neurotoxin and is commonly used to generate experimental models of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we investigated the signaling molecules involved in the 6-OHDA-induced cell death using a neuronal catecholaminergic cell line (SK-N-SH cells), and the protective effect of fustin, a flavonoid from Rhus verniciflua Stokes, on 6-OHDA-induced neuronal death. 6-OHDA significantly increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ), and p38 phosphorylation. In addition, this ROS increase by 6-OHDA was reduced by pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a free radical scavenger, but not by bis-(o-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N,Ntetraacetic acid (BAPTA), a Ca 2+ chelator. However, the [Ca 2+ ] i increase induced by 6-OHDA was suppressed by NAC. Moreover, pretreatment with NAC or BAPTA significantly prevented the 6-OHDAinduced increases in p38 phosphorylation, Bax/ Bcl-2 ratio, and caspase-3 activity. Although 6-OHDA-increased phosphorylation of p38 was prevented by NAC or BAPTA, inhibition of p38 by SB203580 did not suppress ROS, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, or caspase-3 activity increases, and only partially prevented 6-OHDA-induced cell death, thus demonstrating that p38 activation is a component of a signaling pathway leading to the initiation of 6-OHDA-induced cell death, which acts in parallel with an ROS-Ca 2+ -Bcl-2-caspase-3 pathway. Moreover, fustin not only suppressed 6-OHDA-induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner but also blocked 6-OHDA-induced increases in ROS, [Ca 2+ ] i , Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3 activity, and p38 phosphorylation. These results suggest that fustin exerts neuroprotection against 6-OHDA-induced cell death.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of fustin, a flavonoid from Rhus verniciflua Stokes, on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell death

Park

Lee²,

Park³

et al. 2007

Exp Mol Med

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“…The use of crude exposure proxies, like the lateral distance to the closest mobile phone base station, has been shown to be inappropriate (Bornkessel et al 2007;Frei et al 2010;Neubauer et al 2007;Schüz and Mann 2000). More sophisticated exposure assessment methods such as spot or personal measurements need considerable efforts and thus, most epidemiological studies conducted so far were of crosssectional design (Balikci et al 2005;Berg-Beckhoff et al 2009;Blettner et al 2009;Chia et al 2000;Heinrich et al, 2011;Mohler et al 2010;Thomas et al 2008), which are restricted in terms of drawing conclusions about a causal relationship between exposure and health (Seitz et al 2005). In addition, spurious exposure-outcome associations can be introduced if there is information bias or a nocebo effect, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cross-sectional studies even inverse associations between exposure and health may be observed, if persons claiming to be electrohypersensitive (EHS), i.e. to develop symptoms due to RF-EMF exposure, avoid RF-EMF exposure, since such individuals usually suffer more often from non-specific symptoms than the general population (Landgrebe et al 2009;Seitz et al 2005). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohort study on the effects of everyday life radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure on non-specific symptoms and tinnitus

Frei

Mohler

Braun‐Fahrländer

et al. 2012

Environment International

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Background: There is public concern regarding potential health effects of radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure, as produced by mobile phones or broadcast transmitters. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between RF-EMF exposure and non-specific symptoms and tinnitus in a prospective cohort study. Methods:In 2008, 1375 randomly selected participants from Basel, Switzerland, were enrolled in a questionnaire survey with follow-up after one year (participation rate 82%). A score for somatic complaints (von Zerssen list) and headache (HIT-6) was assessed. Far-field environmental RF-EMF exposure was predicted using a validated prediction model.Regarding near-field exposure, self-reported mobile and cordless phone use as well as mobile phone operator data were collected. In multivariate regression models, we investigated whether exposure at baseline (cohort analysis) or changes in exposure between baseline and follow-up (change analysis) were related to changes in health scores.Results: For participants in the top decile of environmental far-field RF-EMF exposure at baseline, in comparison to participants exposed below the median value, the change in the von Zerssen-and HIT-6-scores between baseline and follow-up was -0.12 (95%-CI: -1.79 to 1.56) and -0.37 (95%-CI: -1.80 to 1.07) units, respectively. Exposure to near-field sources and a change in exposure between baseline and follow-up were not related to non-specific symptoms. Similarly, no association between RF-EMF exposure and tinnitus was observed. Conclusions:In this first cohort study using objective and well-validated RF-EMF exposure measures, we did not observe an association between RF-EMF exposure and non-specific symptoms or tinnitus.

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“…46 This is a broad area of investigation that requires an interdisciplinary approach with input from psychology, laboratory studies and epidemiologic disciplines. 51 Little is known about possible adverse effects of mobile phone use on children, especially effects that might appear later in life. Ideally, prospective cohort studies covering different age groups as well as pregnant women and capable of incorporating the rapidly changing technology and exposures should be conducted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A call has been made for future studies to adopt an interdisciplinary approach involving psychology, laboratory study and epidemiological disciplines together with improved personal dosimetry. 51 …”

Section: Rööslimentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging aspects of mobile phone use

Samkange‐Zeeb

Blettner

2009

Emerging Health Threats Journal

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Electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) and subjective health complaints associated with electromagnetic fields of mobile phone communication—a literature review published between 2000 and 2004

Cited by 98 publications

References 23 publications

Protective effects of fustin, a flavonoid from Rhus verniciflua Stokes, on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell death

Protective effects of fustin, a flavonoid from Rhus verniciflua Stokes, on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell death

Cohort study on the effects of everyday life radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure on non-specific symptoms and tinnitus

Emerging aspects of mobile phone use

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