Electromagnetic dissociation of relativistic<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts /><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>18</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow /></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>nuclei

Olson, D.; Berman, B. L.; Greiner, D.; Heckman, H. H.; Lindstrom, P. J.; Westfall, G. D.; Crawford, H. J.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.24.1529

Cited by 105 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…2 for comparison. The results of Ref. [25] agree with those of Ref. [12] within maximum deviations of about 40 %.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…A certain trend towards larger cross sections for oxygen fragments and lower cross sections for carbon fragments in Ref. [25] with a beryllium target in comparison to the results of Ref. [12] with a carbon target can be observed, while both measurements deliver almost identical cross sections for nitrogen fragments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…For the stable beam 17 O fragmentation cross sections have been measured at 1700 MeV/nucleon beam energy for beryllium and aluminum targets, see Ref. [25]. We include the experimental results for the beryllium target of Ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We include the experimental results for the beryllium target of Ref. [25] in Fig. 2 for comparison. The results of Ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12]. In the case of the 18 O beam, experimental results obtained in [25] for 18 O beams of 1700 MeV/nucleon on a Be target are included. The experimental cross sections (symbols) are compared to those calculated using various models: Two abrasion-ablasion models (dashed line from [5], dotted line from [4]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fragmentation of exotic oxygen isotopes

Leistenschneider¹,

Aumann²,

Boretzky³

et al. 2003

Braz. J. Phys.

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Abrasion-ablation models and the empirical EPAX parametrization of projectile fragmentation are described. Their cross section predictions are compared to recent data of the fragmentation of secondary beams of neutronrich, unstable 19,20,21 O isotopes at beam energies near 600 MeV/nucleon as well as data for stable 17,18 O beams. I IntroductionFragmentation of energetic heavy-ion beams is widely used to produce secondary beams of exotic nuclei far from stability [1]. In order to assess the feasibility of experiments utilizing secondary beams, a precise knowledge of the relevant production cross sections is necessary. Usually, production cross sections are deduced from empirical parameterizations of measured cross sections, e.g., the frequently used EPAX parametrization [2]. Alternatively, fragmentation models with a microscopic background have been applied, such as abrasion-ablation models [3][4][5] or intranuclear cascade simulations [6].The validity of both the empirical parameterization and the physical models has been verified mainly for medium-to heavy-mass fragments (see, e.g., Refs. [2,7-10]). In particular, it has been shown that in the few cases in which fragmentation cross sections of projectiles with different neutron-toproton ratios were studied the observed shift of the centroids of the isotope distributions was rather well reproduced by EPAX (see Fig. 11 in Ref. [2]). The data are much too scarce, however, to investigate in detail how the shapes of the distributions, in addition to their centroids, vary with the neutron-or proton-excess of the projectiles.Recently, two-step fragmentation processes were discussed in the context of an efficient production of very neutron-rich isotopes. This process involves an unstable neutron-rich fragment as an intermediate product which undergoes fragmentation again, yielding the final nucleus of interest. On the basis of the EPAX parameterization, considerable gain factors for the production of specific very neutron-rich isotopes in two-step fragmentation processes in comparison to one-step fragmentation were deduced. These findings, however, are in contrast to results obtained on the basis of an abrasion-ablation model [11].Here, we briefly describe various abrasion-ablation models as well as the EPAX parametrization and compare their predictions with experimental data of the fragmentation of the unstable neutron-rich nuclei 19,20,21 O, together with those of the stable 17,18 O isotopes [12]. The results can serve to illustrate the effect of isospin on the fragmentation process and thus help to clarify the above discrepancies between various predictions. II Fragmentation ModelsThe EPAX parameterization follows earlier approaches by Rudstam or Silberberg, Tsao, and coworkers (see references

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“…2 for comparison. The results of Ref. [25] agree with those of Ref. [12] within maximum deviations of about 40 %.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We include the experimental results for the beryllium target of Ref. [25] in Fig. 2 for comparison. The results of Ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fragmentation of exotic oxygen isotopes

Leistenschneider¹,

Aumann²,

Boretzky³

et al. 2003

Braz. J. Phys.

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On the Possible Use of Secondary Radioactive Beams

Tanihata

1989

Treatise on Heavy Ion Science

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Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions: Experiment

Friedländer

Heckman

1985

Treatise on Heavy-Ion Science

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FIGURES-5-1. INTRODUCTIONExperimental studies of the interactions between nuclei at relativistic energies had their beginnings with the momentous discovery of the existence of the heavy ion component of the primary cosmic rays in 1948 by Freier, et al. (Fr 48, 48a). Because of the broad energy spectra of the cosmic rays, highly relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions, with abundant particle production, were observed in these early experiments.Too, it was realized that complementary investigations on the elemental and isotopic abundances of the heavy ion component would have profound astrophysical implications. In a series of brillianbly executed balloon-borne experiments byBradt and Peters (Br 48, 49, 50, 50a), Kaplon (Ka 5 2 ) ; and Eisenberg (Ei 541, the fundamentals of experimental and theoretical approaches were established, the latter exemplified by Landau's hydrodynamical theory of nucleus-nuc leus collisions (~a 53) , and have persisted throughout the development and maturation of the field of relativistic heavy ion physics.It is without question that the decade of the 1970s witnessed a most significant technological advance in studies of relativistic heavy ion (RHI) interact ions when beams of heavy nuclei accelerated to relativistic energies became available at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Bevalac (T = 2 . 6 A G e P , maximum), Princeton Particle Accelerator (T = 0.52 AGeV, maximum), the JINR Synchrophasotron at Dubna (T = 4.5 AGeV, maximum) and the Saturne at Saclay (T = 1.1 AGeV, maximum). Within a span of less than one year, the kinetic energies of accelerated nuclei available in the laboratory increased by more than two orders of magnitude. This thrust forward was as traumatic for the field of traditional, i.e., low energy, nuclear physics as it was dramatic. The physics of heavy ions was -6-instantly propelled into the relativistic regime. The experimental techniques and theoretical concepts are necessarily those of high energy physics but with the additional complication that multi-nucleon systems having large dynamic ranges in particle multiplicities, charges, mass, excitation energies, and, possibly, nuclear temperatures and densities are the objects under investigation. RHI physics thus encompasses and demands much from the fields of nuclear physics, cosmic rays, and high energy physics. During the past decade, adventuresome experimentalists have accepted the challenge of this new frontier in physics with its inherent complications both in experimentation and in interpretation but with a .great potential for revealing new properties of "nuclear matter".Review articles that describe the early developments in RHI physics and complement well this chapter are those by Goldhaber and Heckman (Go 781, Stock (St 791, and Nix (Ni 79). Scott (Sc 80) has beautifully synthesized studies in heavy ion physics from the low energy region up to 100 AMeV, a regime where the limits of the traditional concepts of nuclear physics, and perhaps of nuclei themselves, begin to give way to particle physies and th...

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Electromagnetic dissociation of relativisticO18nuclei

Cited by 105 publications

References 10 publications

Fragmentation of exotic oxygen isotopes

Fragmentation of exotic oxygen isotopes

On the Possible Use of Secondary Radioactive Beams

Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions: Experiment

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