Electromagnetic Disruption Loads on ITER Blanket Modules

Abstract

In this paper we compute the electromagnetic loads (forces, torques, Joule losses) on passive conductors of the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) fusion device, currently under construction, following a disruption event, i.e., the sudden loss of magnetic confinement. An original integral formulation is used, able to automatically deal with complex topologies like the ones to be studied. Non-isotropic homogenized resistivities are used to take into account fine geometrical details. A suitable inverse problem is solved in order to compute the forcing terms

Effects of thick blanket modules on the resistive wall modes stability in ITER

“…We compared the results obtained using such equivalent non-isotropic resistivities, with computations made on an extremely detailed mesh, describing all the finest geometrical details, including cooling channels. The agreement is within a few per cent; further details can be found in [14].…”

An efficient modeling of fine air-gaps in tokamak in-vessel components for electromagnetic analyses

“…Until recently, the effective resistivity method (ERM) [13,14] has been employed as a well-known method to compensate simplification of neglecting fine structures in EM analysis, in spite of its physical limit that, for instance, the effective resistance may not be exactly consistent with the realistic behavior depending on the time constant of the time varying magnetic flux. In the framework of ERM, anisotropic assignment of the resistivity has been regarded as a quite natural way applying the effective resistivity instead of their bulk resistance with respect to the disturbance of current flow due to the fine structures, for instance eddy current breaks or air gaps.…”

“…It is found as a typical procedure to solve first the FE model with equivalent electrical excitation for the target components including their detail structures. Loading linear time varying external current along a certain axis, the overall voltage drop can be evaluated with a constraint for the time derivative of MVP, which is imposed as a constant voltage, so that one can estimate the effective resistivity along the specific axis of a simplified model without fine structure [13,14]. In spite of advantage of its simplicity, the current flow pattern of the effective resistivity calculation will not be consistent with the actual distribution of eddy current in the fine structure so that an exact estimation of the effective resistivity is not so trivial to be approximated to the anisotropic DC resistance.…”

Calculation and superimposition of electro-magnetic loads on the ITER blanket: Analysis strategy and initial results

“…In this row one should mention the global models of the ITER magnetic system with in-vessel components developed in the EU DA [16,17], KO DA [18], CN DA and JA DA. As a certain parallel to the former activities in this area like the joint multi-Party Benchmarking program, they provide a remarkably wide spectrum of approaches, formulations, technologies, computational methods and techniques.…”