Electromagnetic Bandgap Backed Millimeter-Wave MIMO Antenna for Wearable Applications

Iqbal, Amjad; Basir, Abdul; Smida, Besma; Mallat, Nazih Khaddaj; Elfergani, Issa; Rodrı́guez, Jonathan; Kim, Sunghwan

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2933913

Cited by 128 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Peak SAR values (10 grams) of 9.37, 8.99, 7.93, 5.98, 7.4, 7.11, 5.33, and 4.7 W/kg were noted for 1.8, 2.25, 2.4, 2.78, 3.3, 3.9, 4.5, and 5.54 GHz, respectively, for an input power of 1 W, as shown in Figure 8. The designed antenna exceeded the SAR limits (2 W/kg) for all operating bands using an input power of 1 W. However, many portable devices use power in the mW range [23]. Based on the above calculated SAR value, our antenna is safe if the input power is less than 213, 222, 252, 334, 270, 281, 375, and 425 mW for 1.8, 2.25, 2.4, 2.78, 3.3, 3.9, 4.5, and 5.54 GHz respectively.…”

Section: Specific Absorption Rate Analysismentioning

confidence: 90%

Low-Profile Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Heterogeneous Wireless Systems

et al. 2019

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A low-profile (0.21λ g × 0.35λ g × 0.02λ g ) and a simply-structured frequency-switchable antenna with eight frequency choices is presented in this paper. The radiating structure (monopole) is printed on a 1.6-mm thicker, commercially-available substrate of FR-4 ( r = 4.4, tanδ = 0.020). Specifically, it uses three PIN diodes in the designated places to shift the resonant bands of the antenna. The antenna operates at four different modes depending on the ON and OFF states of the PIN diodes. While in each mode, the antenna covers two unique frequencies (Mode 1 = 1.8 and 3.29 GHz, Mode 2 = 2.23 and 3.9 GHz, Mode 3 = 2.4 and 4.55 GHz, and Mode 4 = 2.78 and 5.54 GHz). The performance results show that the proposed antenna scheme explores significant gain (>1.5 dBi in all modes) and reasonable efficiency (>82% in all modes) for each mode. Using a high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS), the switchable antenna is designed and optimized. The fabricated model along with the PIN diode and biasing network is tested experimentally to validate the simulation results. The proposed antenna may also be combined in compact and heterogeneous radio frequency (RF) front-ends because of its small geometry and efficient utilization of the frequency spectrum.

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Section: Specific Absorption Rate Analysismentioning

confidence: 90%

Low-Profile Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Heterogeneous Wireless Systems

et al. 2019

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“…The antenna showed ultra-wide bandwidth up to 26 GHz (from 18 to 44 GHz), the high radiation efficiency of 55%, and a maximum gain of 1.45 dBi. A comparison between CPW fed monopole antennas printed on PET and Epson paper operating at 20 GHz was reported earlier [ 181 ]. The antennas were printed using CuO based ink using an inkjet printer.…”

Section: Applications Of Flexible Antennas Under Different Frequenmentioning

confidence: 93%

Flexible Antennas: A Review

et al. 2020

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The field of flexible antennas is witnessing an exponential growth due to the demand for wearable devices, Internet of Things (IoT) framework, point of care devices, personalized medicine platform, 5G technology, wireless sensor networks, and communication devices with a smaller form factor to name a few. The choice of non-rigid antennas is application specific and depends on the type of substrate, materials used, processing techniques, antenna performance, and the surrounding environment. There are numerous design innovations, new materials and material properties, intriguing fabrication methods, and niche applications. This review article focuses on the need for flexible antennas, materials, and processes used for fabricating the antennas, various material properties influencing antenna performance, and specific biomedical applications accompanied by the design considerations. After a comprehensive treatment of the above-mentioned topics, the article will focus on inherent challenges and future prospects of flexible antennas. Finally, an insight into the application of flexible antenna on future wireless solutions is discussed.

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“…In [17], applications for 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) and mm-Wave 5G are proposed for corner bent MIMO antennas. A MIMO mm-Wave antenna operating at 24 GHz is proposed in [18], which is ideal for wearable applications. In [19], a dual-polarized broadband horn antenna for mm-Wave 5G application and in [20], a MIMO DRA with enhanced isolation with the help of metal strips are proposed.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Isolation Metamaterial Inspired Mm-Wave Mimo Dielectric Resonator Antenna for 5g Application

Nimmagadda¹

2020

PIER C

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A rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) four element Multiple in Multiple Out (MIMO) is proposed for 5G application, and each element is supplied with slot-coupled microstrip feed. The entire construction has a dimension of 20 mm × 40 mm. Four Dielectric Resonators are mounted exactly above the slot. In order to improve the isolation, metamaterial is printed on top of the dielectric resonators, which move away the solidest coupling fields. As the metamaterial structure interacts with electromagnetic fields, field distributions are disturbed which results in reduction of coupled fields. Since the metamaterials are printed on top of the dielectric resonator, the proposed antenna structure has the simplest and compact design. The proposed structure is operating with an impedance bandwidth of 2.23 GHz with operating range from 26.71 GHz to 28.91 GHz, which covers the 28 GHz (27.5 GHz-28.35 GHz) band allotted by Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for 5G application. With all four-port excitation, the proposed structure shows a broadside radiation pattern with gain above 7 dBi in the entire operating bands. The Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) for operating bands is within the target value. They are designed and fabricated to validate the proposed antenna. The simulated and measured values are nearly equal, which means that the proposed MIMO DRA is the right choice for mm-Wave 5G implementation.

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Electromagnetic Bandgap Backed Millimeter-Wave MIMO Antenna for Wearable Applications

Cited by 128 publications

References 31 publications

Low-Profile Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Heterogeneous Wireless Systems

Low-Profile Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Heterogeneous Wireless Systems

Flexible Antennas: A Review

Improved Isolation Metamaterial Inspired Mm-Wave Mimo Dielectric Resonator Antenna for 5g Application

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