Electrolytic production of aluminium. Review. Part 1. Conventional areas of development

Горланов, Е. С.; Brichkin, V. N.; Polyakov, А. А.

doi:10.17580/tsm.2020.02.04

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…It is often necessary to quantitatively determine the impurities of heavy metals and rock-forming elements in materials of various nature, without directly destructing them. − A certain approach is required when working with carbon-based materials. − Most often, in this case, one has to deal with soot, graphite, − nanotubes, petroleum cokes, and coals. − Typical values of the content of trace elements in carbon materials of various types are in limits 10–1500 ppm …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Determination of Trace Heavy Metals and Selected Rock-Forming Elements in Porous Carbon Materials by the X-ray Fluorescence Method

et al. 2021

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A new X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method is proposed for sample preparation and impurity quantification for elements heavier than sodium in carbon materials. The analysis is suitable for various materials including amorphous ones, such as petroleum cokes, with an impurity content higher than 0.01%. We compared a new method with the regular additive method to measure impurities in electrode graphite and petroleum coke. The XRF-based method provides the same sensitivity and accuracy and much greater reproducibility of the analysis results for variations in the sample mass, its density, and coverage by exciting X-ray radiation. The method does not require changes in the instrument software and is easily implemented on commercial analytical equipment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Determination of Trace Heavy Metals and Selected Rock-Forming Elements in Porous Carbon Materials by the X-ray Fluorescence Method

et al. 2021

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“…Timely acquisition of the process data will increase the effectiveness of the control of the aluminum reduction process. It will allow to make all the necessary adjustments exactly in the time when they are needed [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional crust breaker for automatic alumina feeding system of aluminum reduction cell

2021

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For efficient operation of high-power aluminum reduction cells with prebaked anodes,full-time monitoring of the main technological parameters is required.This article discusses a multifunctional crust breaker of the automatic alumina feeding system. It provides the alumina supply to the bath by breaking the continuously solidifying crust on the surface of the melt. The multifunctional crust breaker is also a part of the automatic alumina feed system, providing regular automatic measurements of the process parameters.This article describes the development of a laboratory bench with a multifunctional crust breaking device. The goal and objectives are set. The design of the device is presented in the paper. The paper shows the advantages of using an automatic alumina feeding system with the developed multifunctional crust breaker.The positive effect of using the bench in the training process is discussed.

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“…Irrespective of the fact that Russia takes the third place in the world in coking coal production (more than 80.0 million tons per annum) after China and Australia, coke chemical companies suffer from a shortage of coals of particularly valuable grades: coking (K), coking lean (KO), and lean caking coal (OS). − It should be noted that the demand for coking coals of these grades will persist from a long-term perspective, as the main consumer of coal coke, the blast-furnace iron-making, is still the main cast-iron and steel making process in the world. − For example, the main consumers of the coal coke produced in Kuznetsk, Pechorsk, and Yuzhno-Yakutsk fields in the Russian market are the following large metallurgical and coke chemical companies: Altay Coke Chemical Plant, West-Siberian Metal Plant, Kemerovo Coke Chemical Plant, Novolipetsk Steel Plant, Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant, and others . The deficit of K, KO, and OS coals, as well as coking fat (KZh) and fat coals (Zh), is compensated for by adding into the charge the other coal grades whose reserves are much more abundant: gas coal (G), gas fat lean coal (GZhO), sinter low-caking low-metamorphized coal (KSN), sinter low-caking coal (KS), long flame coal (DG), lean caking coal (TS), and low-caking coal (SS) that are second to coking coals in quality and degrade the charge, which finally affects the coke quality. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology of Producing Petroleum Coking Additives to Replace Coking Coal

et al. 2021

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Coke chemical companies often have a deficit of coals of particularly valuable grades, the coking coals. This work studies the opportunity of producing petroleum coking additives using delayed coking during heavy petroleum residue processing. Experiments for the production of a carbon material were conducted using three kinds of heavy petroleum residues of the oil refinery plant Ltd Kinef: the vacuum residue from crude atmospheric and vacuum distillation units (VR1), the vacuum residue from the vacuum distillation hydrocracking unit (VR2), and the visbreaker residue from the visbreaking unit (VR3). For the produced carbon material, the quality indicators were determined, and X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and differential thermal analyses were conducted. The petroleum coking additive produced instead of the typical petroleum coke under a milder temperature regime had the required quality indicators, particularly, the volatile-matter yield within the range from 15 to 25 wt %, to be used in metallurgical production for partial replacement of coking coals in the charge to produce metallurgical coke.

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Electrolytic production of aluminium. Review. Part 1. Conventional areas of development

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Quantitative Determination of Trace Heavy Metals and Selected Rock-Forming Elements in Porous Carbon Materials by the X-ray Fluorescence Method

Quantitative Determination of Trace Heavy Metals and Selected Rock-Forming Elements in Porous Carbon Materials by the X-ray Fluorescence Method

Multifunctional crust breaker for automatic alumina feeding system of aluminum reduction cell

Technology of Producing Petroleum Coking Additives to Replace Coking Coal

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