Electrolytes in the cornea: a therapeutic challenge

Schrage, N.; Flick, S.; Redbrake, Claudia; Reim, Martin

doi:10.1007/bf00189358

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our measurements of sulphur in the burnt cornea indicate a loss of sulphurinated acid glycosaminoglycans caused by corneal burning and the subsequent rinsing therapy [7,14]. Further, the burning agent remains within the cornea and the conjunctiva [9][10][11]13]. Our present study in the clinical situation confirms these experimental results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationship of eye burns with calcifications of the cornea?

Schrage

Kompa

Ballmann

et al. 2005

Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eye burns followed by calcifications follow two different major patterns: the corrosive substance contained calcium or the continued therapy was applied with phosphate-buffered eye drops. We present case reports of three different types of eye burns and later therapy resulting in corneal calcification. Corneal calcifications are presumably related to longer-lasting phosphate application. One suspicious mechanism is the low content of calcium ion stabilizing proteins such as hyaluronate or fetuin in treatments for severe eye burns. The exceeding of the solubility product of Ca(2+) and PO(4) (-) results in the precipitation of calcium phosphates. In cases of chronic corneal disturbance, we recommend the elimination of phosphate-buffered medications to prevent corneal calcification.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This has been argued by Taravella et al to be the fundamental mechanism of band keratopathy [14]. A surplus supply of phosphate may exceed the physiological levels of phosphorous in the corneal stroma [7,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Relationship of eye burns with calcifications of the cornea?

Schrage

Kompa

Ballmann

et al. 2005

Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A combination of acid burns with ocular contusion has been described for exploding modern car batteries [24, 25]. Similarly, the osmolarity gradient plays a major role in the propagation and progression of tissue damage caused by chemical burns [3, 26–28]. …”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ocular Surface Chemical Burns

Eslani

Baradaran‐Rafii

Movahedan

et al. 2014

Journal of Ophthalmology

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ocular chemical burns are common and serious ocular emergencies that require immediate and intensive evaluation and care. The victims of such incidents are usually young, and therefore loss of vision and disfigurement could dramatically affect their lives. The clinical course can be divided into immediate, acute, early, and late reparative phases. The degree of limbal, corneal, and conjunctival involvement at the time of injury is critically associated with prognosis. The treatment starts with simple but vision saving steps and is continued with complicated surgical procedures later in the course of the disease. The goal of treatment is to restore the normal ocular surface anatomy and function. Limbal stem cell transplantation, amniotic membrane transplantation, and ultimately keratoprosthesis may be indicated depending on the patients' needs.

show abstract

“…The use of preservative-free medications had not previously been identified as a cause, and many clinicians may not be aware of the high phosphate levels in these medications, which for preservative-free timolol was .100 times the physiological level (1.45 mM) of phosphate in tears. 12 The frequency of these medications may have been as little as twice daily, but over a period of 3 months, cumulatively, this amounts to 170 drops of preservative-free prednisolone, or as frequently as 6 times daily over 7 days amounts to 42 drops of preservative-free dexamethasone. We believe this is the reason calcareous degeneration developed so rapidly in some cases, in which the concentration and frequency of application were high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%