Electrolytes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

Zhong, Cheng; Hu, Wenbin

doi:10.1201/b21497-3

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 940 publications

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“…LiBOB/PC is the most desirable since it withstands oxidation very well with an increase in the applied potential. LiBOB/ ACN, on the other hand, succumbed to produce an oxidation peak that was lower than the 2.8 V limit reported at room temperature [13]. LiBOB/ACN's shift to a lower oxidation potential resulted from a narrower electrochemical window of stability [5], which was made more vulnerable at elevated temperatures.…”

Section: Electrolyte Analysismentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The overall result after 1000 cycles for LiBOB/ACN:PC 5:1 was comparable to that of the pristine LiBOB/PC electrolyte, while LiBOB/ACN:PC 4:1 was the best in the 2.5 V range. Although the viscosity of the PC solvent was higher than that of ACN [13], PC had a much higher boiling point, which helped to improve the stability of the mixed electrolytes. In addition, the calculated specific capacitances for the mixed electrolytes and LiBOB/ACN at 2.8 V were relatively lower than those obtained at 2.5 V. Thus, an operational limit of 2.5 V was set for these electrolyte systems at 80 o C for optimum performance.…”

Section: Cell Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commercial supercapacitors available in the market employ liquid organic electrolytes due to their moderately high ionic conductivity (about 10 -2 Scm -1 ) [12], high voltage of up to 2.8 V (in acetonitrile(ACN) medium) [13], and good thermal stability in the temperature range of -40 to 70 o C [14]. Even for common organic electrolytes such as ACN or propylene carbonate (PC) solvent with quaternary ammonium salts, similar operational restrictions are encountered at elevated temperatures, as in batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lithium Bis(oxalate)borate as an Electrolyte Salt for Supercapacitors in Elevated Temperature Applications

Madzvamuse¹,

Hamenu²,

Mohammed³

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol

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The electrolyte plays one of the most significant roles in the performance of electrochemical supercapacitors. Most liquid organic electrolytes used commercially have temperature and potential range constraints, which limit the possible energy and power output of the supercapacitor. The effect of elevated temperature on a lithium bis(oxalate)borate(LiBOB) saltbased electrolyte was evaluated in a symmetric supercapacitor assembled with activated carbon electrodes and different electrolyte blends of acetonitrile(ACN) and propylene carbonate(PC). The electrochemical properties were investigated using linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In particular, it was shown that LiBOB is stable at an operational temperature of 80°C, and that, blending the solvents helps to improve the overall performance of the supercapacitor. The cells retained about 81% of the initial specific capacitance after 1000 galvanic cycles in the potential range of 0-2.5 V. Thus, LiBOB/ACN:PC electrolytes exhibit a promising role in supercapacitor applications under elevated temperature conditions.

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Section: Electrolyte Analysismentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Cell Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lithium Bis(oxalate)borate as an Electrolyte Salt for Supercapacitors in Elevated Temperature Applications

Madzvamuse¹,

Hamenu²,

Mohammed³

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol

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“…The ionization energy of Na 2 SO 4 is 490 kJMol −1 and that of K 2 SO 4 is 418 kJMol −1 , which indicates that the ionization of K 2 SO 4 requires less energy. Because of all these reasons, current integral and consequently the SC value of HFE was found more in 0.5 M K 2 SO 4 among the three electrolytes [32,33].…”

Section: Cyclic Voltammetric Analysesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Synthesis and electrolytic cation-dependent cyclic voltammetric study of SILAR deposited PPy-Cr2O3 in equimolar aqueous solutions of H2SO4, Na2SO4, and K2SO4

Thakur

Lokhande

2018

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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PPy-Cr 2 O 3 hybrid flexible electrodes (HFEs) have been synthesized by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method using flexible aluminum (Al) strips (derived from cold drink cans) as substrates. For the synthesis, 0.1 M pyrrole and 0.02 M K 2 Cr 2 O 7 dissolved in 0.5 M aqueous H 2 SO 4 were used as precursors while the flexible aluminum strips derived from waste cold drink cans were used as substrates. XRD pattern shows the peak at 50.48• indicating the existence of rhombohedral Cr 2 O 3 in the hybrid. FTIR spectrum corroborates the formation of hybrid. SEM image exhibits porous morphology with interconnected granules. TEM image depicts the Cr 2 O 3 granules of average size 20 nm and PPy globules of average size 50 nm. The liquid-solid contact angle was found to be 10• 30′ indicating the near-superhydrophilic nature of HFE. Cyclic voltammetric (CV) analyses of HFEs have been carried out in each of 20 ml, 0.5 M solutions H 2 SO 4 , Na 2 SO 4 , and K 2 SO 4 . Changes in potential window, redox behavior and hence, the specific capacitance have been observed. The pseudocapacitance of HFE is combined effect of doping-dedoping of PPy matrix with SO 4 2− anions as well as redox reaction shown by Cr 2 O 3 . HFE shows maximum specific capacitance 4246 Fg −1 in K 2 SO 4 as measured from CV. HFE shows appreciable stability with 58.20% retention in capacitance even after 1000 cycles.

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“…Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions [2] are well-recognized, but the molecular simulation experience with those systems is orders of magnitude more limited than for aqueous systems [3][4][5]. This is partly due to the broad importance of water as a liquid medium [6], but also due to vast chemical and compositional variety relevant for non-aqueous systems [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Simple Models for Molecular Simulation of Ethylene Carbonate and Propylene Carbonate as Solvents for Electrolyte Solutions

Chaudhari¹,

Muralidharan²,

Pratt³

et al. 2018

Topics in Current Chemistry Collections

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Progress in understanding liquid ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) on the basis of molecular simulation, emphasizing simple models of interatomic forces, is reviewed. Results on the bulk liquids are examined from the perspective of anticipated applications to materials for electrical energy storage devices. Preliminary results on electrochemical double-layer capacitors based on carbon nanotube forests and on model solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers of lithium ion batteries are considered as examples. The basic results discussed suggest that an empirically parameterized, non-polarizable force field can reproduce experimental structural, thermodynamic, and dielectric properties of EC and PC liquids with acceptable accuracy. More sophisticated force fields might include molecular polarizability and Buckingham-model description of inter-atomic overlap repulsions as extensions to Lennard-Jones models of van der Waals interactions. Simple approaches should be similarly successful also for applications to organic molecular ions in EC/PC solutions, but the important case of Li + deserves special attention because of the particularly strong interactions of that small ion with neighboring solvent molecules. To treat the Li + ions in liquid EC/PC solutions, we identify interaction models defined by empirically scaled partial charges for ion-solvent interactions. The empirical adjustments use more basic inputs, electronic structure calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, and also experimental results on

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Electrolytes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

Cited by 27 publications

References 940 publications

Lithium Bis(oxalate)borate as an Electrolyte Salt for Supercapacitors in Elevated Temperature Applications

Lithium Bis(oxalate)borate as an Electrolyte Salt for Supercapacitors in Elevated Temperature Applications

Synthesis and electrolytic cation-dependent cyclic voltammetric study of SILAR deposited PPy-Cr2O3 in equimolar aqueous solutions of H2SO4, Na2SO4, and K2SO4

Assessment of Simple Models for Molecular Simulation of Ethylene Carbonate and Propylene Carbonate as Solvents for Electrolyte Solutions

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