Electrolytes and Interphases in Potassium Ion Batteries

Abstract

Potassium ion batteries (PIBs) are recognized as one promising candidate for future energy storage devices due to their merits of cost‐effectiveness, high‐voltage, and high‐power operation. Many efforts have been devoted to the development of electrode materials and the progress has been well summarized in recent review papers. However, in addition to electrode materials, electrolytes also play a key role in determining the cell performance. Here, the research progress of electrolytes in PIBs is summarized, including organic liquid electrolytes, ionic liquid electrolytes, solid‐state electrolytes and aqueous electrolytes, and the engineering of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces is also thoroughly discussed. This Progress Report provides a comprehensive guidance on the design of electrolyte systems for development of high performance PIBs.

An Overview on Anodes for Magnesium Batteries: Challenges towards a Promising Storage Solution for Renewables

“…Finally, there are problems related t safety of use of the battery: over time, the anode degrades giving rise to dendritic fo mations that may lead to short circuits, overheating and possible battery explosion [10,82 85]. Given all the reasons mentioned above, scientists are looking for new types of batte ies (the so-called "new chemistries" [87][88][89][90][91]). One of the most interesting solutions seem to be represented by the rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs) [92][93][94][95][96], which ut lize magnesium cations as the active charge transporting species in solution and (in man cases) metallic magnesium as the anode.…”

“…In add tion, the nanodimensionality of the proposed anodic materials and its effect on the ele trochemical behaviour of the resulting MIBs will be highlighted, by discussing case stud ies based on nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanopores, nanocrystals, nanoflakes and nan owires. Given all the reasons mentioned above, scientists are looking for new types of batteries (the so-called "new chemistries" [87][88][89][90][91]). One of the most interesting solutions seems to be represented by the rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs) [92][93][94][95][96], which utilize magnesium cations as the active charge transporting species in solution and (in many cases) metallic magnesium as the anode.…”

Rechargeable Potassium–Selenium Batteries

“…[ 15 ] Potassium ions have the highest ion conductivity and mobility in carbonate solvents since the weak Lewis acidity of potassium gives it the smallest Stoke's radius among alkali metal ions (K + : 3.6 Å, Na + : 4.6 Å, and Li + : 4.8 Å). [ 16 ]…”

Towards Dendrite‐Free Potassium‐Metal Batteries: Rational Design of a Multifunctional 3D Polyvinyl Alcohol‐Borax Layer

“…[18] It is widely accepted that au niform SEI can be in situ formed by using high concentrated KFSI in DME electrolyte,w hich deliver ah igh coulombic efficiency of 99 %a fter 100 hp lating and stripping. [18][19][20] Besides in situ strategy,S EI can also be modified artificially by coating ap rotective layer such as MXene,S bF 3 -based and Hg-alloy on the surface of substrate. [21][22][23] These protective layers prevent the direct contact between plating-substrate and the electrolyte,a nd help form as table artificial SEI, thus enhancing the cycle stability.F or instance,W ue tal.…”