Electrolyte Systems for High Withstand Voltage and Durability I. Linear Sulfones for Electric Double-Layer Capacitors

Chiba, Kazumi; Ueda, Tsukasa; Yamaguchi, Yukuya; Oki, Yusuke; Shimodate, Fumitaka; Naoi, Katsuhiko

doi:10.1149/1.3593001

Cited by 103 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…As a result, the estimation for the oxidation and reduction durability on the basis of HOMO-LUMO calculation was not fully consistent with the practical measurements derived from the charge-discharge (withstand voltage) test and the LSV evaluation. As mentioned in our previous report, 5 the possible cause of this inconsistency is that the interaction between electrolyte salts and solvents, between the electrolyte salts themselves, and between electrodes and electrolytes in their respective interfaces, cannot be explained by only considering thermodynamics.…”

Section: Factors Affecting the High Withstand Voltage Of 23bc And Ibc-mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Evaluations were carried out using the method we proposed in our previous study, 5,18 namely, using the electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) to evaluate the leakage resistance between the activated carbon electrode and the electrolyte (R l w ) and the capacitance in activated carbon electrode pores (C w ) for the electrolytes (1.0 mol L −1 SBP-BF 4 /2,3-BC, SBP-BF 4 /PC), with regard to the voltage dependence of the electrolyte resistance in activated carbon electrode pores (R s w ). The EIS was performed using a frequency-response analyzer/potentiostat (Solartron; 1260/1286).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Very recently, our previous paper reported that linear sulfones generally have high voltage durability without sacrificing its other useful properties as a solvent. 5 It was found that, due to their linear molecular structure, linear sulfones have a lower viscosity and a lower melting point than cyclic sulfones and other solvents like ionic liquids. Among the several linear sulfones that we studied, ethyl isopropyl sulfone (EiPS) was found to be most suitable as an alternative solvent system for EDLCs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Electrolyte Systems for High Withstand Voltage and Durability II. Alkylated Cyclic Carbonates for Electric Double-Layer Capacitors

Chiba

Ueda²,

Yamaguchi³

et al. 2011

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This study describes new electrolyte systems that utilize alkylated cyclic carbonates, with a primary focus on getting a higher withstand voltage for electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). We attempted to increase the oxidative durability of carbonate solvents by protecting the 4th and/or 5th positions of the five-membered carbonate ring; protection was achieved by substituting those positions with small alkyl group(s). We investigates six different types of cyclic carbonates, viz., ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), 2,3-butylene carbonate (2,3BC), isobutylene carbonate (iBC), and pentylene carbonate (PlC) have been investigated with regard to the electrochemical stability, as well as the melting point, boiling point, dielectric constant, viscosity, and the solubility of electrolyte salts. As a result, 2,3BC remained as the best potential candidate for an alternative solvent for EDLCs. 2,3BC has a high boiling point (243 • C) that is comparable to PC (242 • C) and dissolved spirobipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (SBP-BF 4 ). A SBP-BF 4 /2,3BC system showed a stabilized capacitance within wider voltage windows ( V = 3.5 V) that far exceeded that of conventional PC based systems ( V = 2.7 V). This high withstand voltage is caused mainly by the outstanding oxidative durability of 2,3BC. To meet urgent demands from HEV, smart grid, and energy harvesting applications it is essential to increase the availability of the electrochemical energy storage devices by enhancing their energy and power performance as well as improving their cycle durability. New electrolyte systems that are more durable, or, specifically, have a wide operational voltage, are a common requirement for all devices, including electrolytic capacitors, electrochemical capacitors and EDLCs, lithium ion batteries (LIBs), hybrid devices, and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).EDLCs are capable of delivering a very fast power supply (high power density) with an almost unlimited cycle life, and also require zero maintenance. However, the market demand for EDLCs is currently limited as they have relatively low energy density (E), below 10 Wh L −1 . Major efforts have been devoted to increase the E value up to a target in the vicinity of 20-30 Wh L −1 . Here, electrolytes play an important role in improving the E. Practically, the voltage window of the electrolyte has to either be widened, or a higher withstand voltage V has to be achieved. For EDLCs, because the E is expressed as E = 1/2CV 2 , an increase in V can contribute significantly to an increase in E. The V depends mainly on the oxidative and reductive stability (in both thermodynamic and kinetic senses) of the solvents and so to increase V, stable solvents have been studied extensively. Most of such studies have focused on propylene carbonate (PC) (V = 2.5-2.7), 1 nitriles (V = 2.5-2.7), 1 ionic liquids (V = ca. 4.0), 2 and cyclic sulfones (V = ca. 3.3).3, 4

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Section: Factors Affecting the High Withstand Voltage Of 23bc And Ibc-mentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrolyte Systems for High Withstand Voltage and Durability II. Alkylated Cyclic Carbonates for Electric Double-Layer Capacitors

Chiba

Ueda²,

Yamaguchi³

et al. 2011

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…One does not need to sacrifice the power capability by using higherwithstand-voltage media such as sulfolane, 13 linear sulfones, 14 and ionic liquids 15 most of them have high viscosity leading to less power than carbonate counterparts. Figure 6 shows the SEM images for the positive electrode for cell A and cell B after cycling 50 times in the voltage range of 03.0 V. For the cell A (without addition), several graphene layers are found exfoliated from the AC particles due to swelling by the gas generation.…”

Section: Nanostructure Of Ruo 2 ·Nh 2 O/kb Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

3.3-V-Rated EDLC Performance with an Alternative Conducting Agent (nc-RuO2^|^middot;nH2O/KB)

et al. 2013

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Nano-crystalline hydrous RuO 2 particles that are hyper-dispersed within Ketjen Black (KB) matrix have been added as an alternative-conducting agent. In the present study, the authors succeeded in enhancing the EDLC's withstanding voltage from 2.7 to 3.3 V by addition of small amount of MO x /KB (MO x = RuO 2 ) composite. Addition of 4 wt% RuO 2 /KB only in the positive activated carbon electrode dramatically increased the voltage limitation up to 3.3 V. To date 3.3-V-rated EDLC (activated carbon based electrochemical capacitor) has never been attained. The test EDLC cell demonstrated a high energy density (18 Wh kg) with prolonged charge-discharge cycling up to 9000 times in the voltage range of 0-3.3 V. In this study, the critical factors enabling such a high voltage operation have been investigated in relation to the mechanism that efficiently prevents consecutive water-induced chained failure mode reactions.

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“…It was proved that SBP-BF 4 had larger solubility and better capacity performance than the other two salts at wide temperature range. [3][4][5][6][7] Xuewen YU et al 1 had confirmed that the withstand voltage of SBP-BF 4 in alkylated carbonates was able to reach as high as 3.2 V. However, the high voltage performance of SBP-BF 4 and PSP-BF 4 in AN was seldom reported, especially applied in commercial large EDLC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Voltage Performance of Spiro-type Quaternary Ammonium Salt Based Electrolytes in Commercial Large Supercapacitors

Ruan¹,

Zuo²

2015

Electrochemistry

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The electrochemical performance of two electrolytes, containing 1 mol L −1 spiro structure quaternary ammonium salts, spiro-(1,1′)-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (SBP-BF 4 ) and piperidine-1-spiro-1′-pyrrolidinium (PSP-BF 4 ), in acetonitrile (AN), are investigated in commercial 7500F electric double layer capacitors (EDLC). Compared with conventional tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEA-BF 4 ) electrolyte in AN, the cell using SBP-BF 4 /AN electrolyte have a larger capacitance and an equivalent equivalent series resistance (ESR). The cells with electrolytes containing spiro structure quaternary ammonium salts have great advantages in capacitance and ESR remained in floating test at 70°C and 2.85 V.

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Electrolyte Systems for High Withstand Voltage and Durability I. Linear Sulfones for Electric Double-Layer Capacitors

Cited by 103 publications

References 14 publications

Electrolyte Systems for High Withstand Voltage and Durability II. Alkylated Cyclic Carbonates for Electric Double-Layer Capacitors

Electrolyte Systems for High Withstand Voltage and Durability II. Alkylated Cyclic Carbonates for Electric Double-Layer Capacitors

3.3-V-Rated EDLC Performance with an Alternative Conducting Agent (nc-RuO2^|^middot;nH2O/KB)

High Voltage Performance of Spiro-type Quaternary Ammonium Salt Based Electrolytes in Commercial Large Supercapacitors

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