Electrolyte Leakage and the Protective Effect of Nitric Oxide on Leaves of Flooded Rice Exposed to Herbicides

Abstract

-The nitric oxide acts on the antioxidant system of plants and can discontinue the damage of herbicides elicitors of oxidative stress that cause the disruption of membranes and leakage of cellular contents. In order to evaluate the protective effect of nitric oxide in electrolytes leakage, leaf segments of the Puita INTA CL rice cultivar were incubated with 0, 5, 50, 500 and 5,000 μM clomazone (360 g a.i. L -1 ), oxadiazon (250 g a.i. L -1 ), oxyfluorfen (240 g a.i. L -1 ) and the formulated mixture of paraquat (200 g a.i. L -1 ) + diuron (100 g a.i. L -1 ) to obtain the maximum potential conductivity of 50% (MPC 50 ). Subsequently, leaf segments were pre-treated with 0, 200 and 2,000 μM of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) for four hours and further incubated for 48 hours with 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 times the concentration of the herbicide that caused the CMP 50 , and the protective effect was reassessed in the presence of nitric oxide scavenger, cPTIO. The MPC 50 was caused by exposure to 188.9, 273.4, 410.2 + 205.1 and 917.0 μM of Oxadiazon, Oxyfluorfen, Paraquat + Diuron and Clomazone. Pretreatment with 200 μM of SNP reduced electrolyte leakage in leaf segments exposed to 2 and 4 times the MPC 50 to oxadiazon and paraquat + diuron, while 2,000 μM reduced the damage caused by oxyfluorfen, at the same concentrations. Also, 200 and 2,000 μM of SNP were efficient for clomazone, and the protection was confirmed by cPTIO in all cases.Keywords: Oryza sativa, sodium nitroprusside, clomazone, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, paraquat + diuron. 188,9; 273,4; 410,2 + 205,1; e 917,0 RESUMO -O óxido nítrico atua no sistema antioxidante das plantas e pode conter o dano de herbicidas

Effects of biofertilizers and iron nano‐oxide on maize yield and physiological properties under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions

“…In general, maintaining the stability of the cell membrane under drought stress conditions is one of the main components of stress tolerance in plants (Dastborhan & Ghassemi‐Golezani, 2015). Electrolyte leakage is also an index of membrane damage and is widely used to study oxidative stress (Silva et al, 2016). Abobatta (2019) also believed that the most important factor in drought tolerance in plants is maintaining the integrity and stability of the cell membrane.…”

“…Electrolyte leakage is also an index of membrane damage and is widely used to study oxidative stress (Silva et al, 2016). Abobatta (2019) also believed that the most important factor in drought tolerance in plants is maintaining the integrity and stability of the cell membrane.…”

Evaluation of chlorophyll content and membrane stability under oxidative stress induced by glyphosate herbicide as indicators of drought tolerance in some advanced durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) lines: in vitro study

“…Evaluation of cell damage degree was accomplished for the ten genotypes using membrane stability index: Electrolyte leakage has been recommended as a useful criterion for the selection of stress-tolerant cultivars in several crop species (Slama et al, 2018). Moreover, ion leakage has been used as an efficient measure for the evaluation of the damage induced by herbicide that affects the integrity of the membranes (Silva et al, 2016). There was a significant difference in the amount of electrolyte leakage (REL %) from leaf tissues for the genotypes tested, with a mean of 64.8 % (table 3).…”

Contents of Pigments and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Rice Plants Pre-Treated with Sodium Nitroprusside and Exposed to Clomazone

“…In addition, the inhibition of the synthesis of carotenoids, which protect the plants, when dissipating the excess of energy generated during the photosynthesis (Jahns and Holzwarth, 2012), leads to an uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROSs), which may react with macromolecules on membranes, such as lipids, proteins and DNA (Souza et al, 2012), causing the death of the plants. Thus, clomazone has been used to study the implications of suppressing the MEP route (Kuzuyama and Seto, 2012), photosynthesis (Darwish et al, 2013) and the protective effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the oxidative stress (Silva et al, 2016).…”