Electrolyte Disturbances in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Mabillard, Holly; Sayer, John A.

doi:10.12688/f1000research.24441.2

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Hypocalcemia is also one of the electrolyte disorders in patients with COVID-19, which can be dangerous if not controlled and can even increase the mortality rate [ 43 ]. In some people with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) has been reported [ 44 ], leading to disturbances in fluid and electrolytes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances in COVID-19 and Their Complications

Pourfridoni

Abbasnia

Shafaei

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the cause of an acute respiratory illness which has spread around the world. The virus infects the host by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. Due to the presence of ACE2 receptors in the kidneys and gastrointestinal (GI) tract, kidneys and GI tract damage arising from the virus can be seen in patients and can cause acute conditions such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and digestive problems for the patient. One of the complications of kidneys and GI involvement in COVID-19 is fluid and electrolyte disturbances. The most common ones of these disorders are hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypochloremia, hypervolemia, and hypovolemia, which if left untreated, cause many problems for patients and even increase mortality. Fluid and electrolyte disturbances are more common in hospitalized and intensive care patients. Children are also at greater risk for fluid and electrolyte disturbances complications. Therefore, clinicians should pay special attention to the fluid and electrolyte status of patients. Changes in fluid and electrolyte levels can be a good indicator of disease progression.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances in COVID-19 and Their Complications

Pourfridoni

Abbasnia

Shafaei

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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“…Serum electrolyte derangements with hypokalaemia secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection is common [58] . The correction of hypokalaemia is challenging because of continuous renal potassium loss resulting from the degradation of ACE2 [59] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Progesterone: Part 1. SARS-CoV-2, Progesterone and its potential clinical use

Shah

2021

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

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SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) infection is a global medical challenge. Experience based medicines and therapies are being attempted and vaccines are beingdeveloped. SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibits varied patterns of infection and clinical presentations with varied disease outcomes. These attributes are strongly suggestive of some variables that vary among individuals and that affect the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptoms of COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease of 2019). Sex hormones vary with ageing, between the sexes, among individuals and populations. Sex hormones are known to play a role in immunity and infections. Progesterone is a critical host factor to promote faster recovery following Influenza A virus infection. Anti-inflammatory effects of progesterone are noted.In part 1 of the current study the regulatory role ofprogesterone for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 is analyzed. The role of progesterone at different stages of the SARS CoV-2 infection is investigated with respect to two types of immunity status: immune regulation and immune dysregulation.Progesterone could have various alleviating impacts from SARS-CoV-2 entry till recovery: reversing of hypoxia, stabilizing of blood pressure, controlling thrombosis, balancing electrolytes, reducing the viral load, regulation of immune responses, damage repair, and clearance of debris among others. The present research adds to the available evidence by providing a comprehensive and thorough evaluation ofthe regulatory role of progesterone in SARS COV-2 infection, COVID-19 pathogenesis, and immune dysregulation. The available evidencehas implications for upcoming studies about pathophysiology of COVID-19, as well as the roles of progesterone and other hormones in other infectious diseases.

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“…A urine potassium: creatinine ratio can also be used and is preferred over a spot urine potassium or 24-hour urinary potassium collection as, because creatinine is theoretically secreted in a constant state (in the absence of an GFR drop), a urine potassium: creatinine ratio corrects for urine volume variations. The TTKG is beneficial as it does not overestimate the gradient for collecting duct potassium secretion, however it is not without flaws which are discussed elsewhere 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Renal potassium wasting in SARS-CoV-2 infection

et al. 2020

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with many potentially fatal complications. Renal involvement in various forms is common in addition to serum electrolyte disturbances. Early reports suggest that hypokalaemia may frequent those with SARS-CoV-2 infection and various aetiological factors may cause this electrolyte disturbance. A Chinese retrospective study has demonstrated renal potassium wasting in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, however, it is not known if these patients were receiving diuretic therapy which may be a contributing factor. This case report illustrates an example of renal potassium wasting in SARS-CoV-2 infection in the absence of diuretics and extra-renal mechanisms with important lessons learned.

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Electrolyte Disturbances in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Cited by 29 publications

References 49 publications

Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances in COVID-19 and Their Complications

Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances in COVID-19 and Their Complications

COVID-19 and Progesterone: Part 1. SARS-CoV-2, Progesterone and its potential clinical use

Case Report: Renal potassium wasting in SARS-CoV-2 infection

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