Electrokinetic properties of aqueous suspensions of polystyrene spheres in the gas and liquid-like phase

Grain size control in polycrystalline colloidal solids

“…The main difference as compared to the case of mechanically induced shear flows and to the unsheared case, however, is the presence of the electro-osmotic counterflows in the vicinity of the cell walls. 21 We therefore do not have sticking conditions at the cell wall and heterogeneous nuclei are unstable. Instead of nucleation and growth of a wall nucleated crystal against a metastable melt of fluid order 13,16,17 we observe an instantaneous registering of hexagonal sliding layers to form the ͑110͒ planes of the body centered cubic wall crystal.…”

“…Upon application of an electric field one observes a nearly parabolic shear flow in the center plane due to electroosmotic backflow along the cell walls. 21 The particles move at velocities being the sum of their electrophoretic velocity ͑where for highly charged polystyrene particles at de-ionized conditions the mobility typically is on the order of Ϸ10 m s Ϫ1 /V cm Ϫ1 ͒ 21 and the underlying velocity profile within the suspending medium. The shear rates decrease linearily towards the cell center and are proportional to the applied field strength.…”

Independent ion migration in suspensions of strongly interacting charged colloidal spheres

“…All alterations as compared to the expected value are treated using an effective number of charges, respectively counterions, much in the spirit of the charge renormalization concept. This also holds for early treatments explicetely including particle contributions [21,22]. More recently a number of authors used a different approach explicetely considering changes in the small ion mobility but retaining the bare charge.…”

“…Firstly, in this study we will employ additivity in combination with constant bulk small ion mobilities and an effective charge Z* lower than the bare particle charge. For this purpose we extend the model of independent ion migration recently proposed by Deggelmann et al [21]. To be more specific, we assume simple additivity of the conductivity of all ionic species, however in addition we propose a reservoir of Z-Z* counterions in a region close to the particle which do not contribute to the conductivity but have free exchange with the outer Z* counter ions and the added electrolyte ions.…”

Influence of solvent granularity on the effective interaction between charged colloidal suspensions

“…Therefore, it could also be used to address dynamical questions in equilibrium and nonequilibrium. Important examples concern the motion of poly-and counterions under the influence of an external electric field including effects as the electrophoretic mobility [46][47][48][49], ion migration [50], electro-kinetic properties [51] and electrolyte friction [52,53]. Our approach produces both diffusive motion and hydrodynamic interactions mediated by the solvent as an output.…”