Electrokinetic demonstration at the unlined chromic acid pit

Lindgren, Eric R.; Hankins, Matthew G.; Mattson, Earl D.; Duda, P.M.

doi:10.2172/576168

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Highly mobile anions such as chromium are good candidates for electrokinetic remediation, because they drift through the aquifer with little or no adsorption. A successful pilotscale demonstration of the electrokinetics technology for vadose-zone Cr(VI) contamination has been conducted, but there have been no reported deployments for groundwater chromium contamination to date (23).…”

Section: Electrochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Reviewed: In-Situ Treatment of Chromium-Contaminated Groundwater

Fruchter

2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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lthough not as common as solvent or fuel products, chromium contamination of groundwater is relatively widespread. The U.S. EPA has estimated that as many as 1300 sites in the United States may have groundwater contaminated with chromium-some of which date to World War II.As with most groundwater contaminants, chromium contamination is traditionally remediated with an extraction and treatment system-"pump and treat". Groundwater is extracted from the aquifer through a well network and conveyed to an aboveground treatment plant, where the chromium is removed using anion exchange or precipitated with various treatments.In many ways, chromium contamination has been an ideal candidate for pump and treat, because the most common chemical form, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], is highly soluble and not readily adsorbed onto sediment surfaces. However, because of wellknown limitations inherent to methods that require groundwater extraction, such as exponentially decreasing response to treatment and diffusion-limited

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Section: Electrochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Reviewed: In-Situ Treatment of Chromium-Contaminated Groundwater

Fruchter

2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Copper and lead were successfully removed from solids at a paint shop in the Netherlands in 1987, with an average removal efficiency of 74% (Lageman et al, 1989;Lageman, 1993), which was the first field-scale EK remediation documented. There was another field case in New Mexico, where EK was implemented to remove chromium from a chemical waste landfill (Lindgren et al, 1998). Ho et al (1999a, b) utilized EK methods to effectively treat TCE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐farm remediation and fertility enhancement of cadmium‐contaminated silt loam by electrokinetic treatment process in Taiwan

Chang

Tan

Wang

2008

Irrigation and Drainage

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The purpose of this research was a large-scale project, of an on-farm remediation of cadmium-contaminated silty loam by an electrokinetic treatment process in Taiwan. The electrokinetic (EK) treatment process is a useful remedial technology, particularly for soil with low permeability. This pilot test farm implements EK technology to remove heavy metal Cd from the silty loam in rice paddies, and evaluates the removal efficiency of the Cd, as well as soil fertility enhancement during the EK treatment process. A citric acid-surfactant mixture was used as the treatment solution, applied under an electrical current, to improve the removal of the Cd, while simultaneously enhancing the fertility of the silty farm soil. The test results revealed that the EK process gained a Cd removal efficiency of 76.6%; in addition, the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, Bray-1 phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium and magnesium were relatively elevated after 92 days of treatment duration. This study concluded that the on-farm EK treatment technology would be capable of mitigating soil contaminated with not only heavy metals, but also organic compounds in the future. Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ferme a été capable d'améliorer des terres contaminées, non seulement en les débarrassant des métaux lourds mais également en améliorant leur structure organique à long terme.

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“…Cr(VI) is of concern because of the broad range of industrial processes that are sources of Cr(VI) contamination of soil and groundwater ( , ). The persistence of Cr(VI) in these media suggests the continuing need for a variety of suitable techniques of treatment ( − ). A widely accepted method to reduce the impact of chromium in the environment is to convert Cr(VI) to the less toxic and less mobile Cr(III) ( − ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Reduction of Cr(VI) by Direct Electric Current in a Contaminated Clay

Pamukcu

Weeks

Wittle

2004

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The probable relation between diffuse double-layer processes and redox reactions that enhance degradation or conversion of contaminants under an applied electric field were examined in a clay medium. Kaolinite clay, precontaminated with hexavalent chromium, was the test soil medium. Analyte, containing ferrous iron, was transported through the kaolinite clay using direct electric current. The Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III) was followed by measuring the soil redox potential and pH at discrete locations in the clay bed. The post-test distribution of Cr showed significantly more Cr(III) than Cr(VI) at low to slightly acidic pH distribution (2 < pH < 6) in clay. The stoichiometric analyses of measured chromium and iron species concentrations versus the measured redox potentials were compared to Nernst equation predictions of an equivalent aqueous system. An average of +0.37 V shift was measured from the linear Nernstian prediction of cell potential. The applied electric field appeared to provide additional “cathodic current” to drive forth the redox reactions. The redox potential shift was explained by possible overpotential development at the clay−water interfaces due to double-layer polarization under the applied field.

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Electrokinetic demonstration at the unlined chromic acid pit

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Peer Reviewed: In-Situ Treatment of Chromium-Contaminated Groundwater

Peer Reviewed: In-Situ Treatment of Chromium-Contaminated Groundwater

On‐farm remediation and fertility enhancement of cadmium‐contaminated silt loam by electrokinetic treatment process in Taiwan

Enhanced Reduction of Cr(VI) by Direct Electric Current in a Contaminated Clay

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