Electroinitiated cationic polymerization in the presence of diaryliodonium salts

Abstract

Rapid and efficient electrochemical initiation of cationic polymerization takes place at low potentials in the presence of diaryliodonium salts bearing non-nucleophilic anions. The mechanism of this polymerization was investigated using cyclic voltammetry and by the analysis of the products of electrolysis. A mechanism involving reduction of the diaryliodonium salts by free radical species formed by electrolysis of trace amounts of water present in the reaction mixture is postulated. The electroinitiated cationic polymerization of typical vinyl and heterocyclic monomers was investigated.

Surface promoted redox cationic polymerization of epoxy monomers catalyzed by silver salts

“…Having identified a SPCP system demonstrating both reasonable surface activation and adhesive performance, it is of further interest to identify those factors that influence this efficacy. The redox potential of a cationic initiator is known to vary with the nucleophilicity of its associated counterion 23. Therefore, in this investigation, a series of nonligated silver(I) salts with correspondingly less nucleophilic anions were studied to determine the impact of this property on SPCP.…”

Recent advances in green cationic polymerization

“…Since 1975, L. Birke has studied the cationic polymerization of styrene in acetonitrile solutions using controlled electric initiation. Since then, electrochemical controlled cationic polymerization has been rapidly developed 180,181 . Some research results on electrochemically controlled cationic polymerization have been reviewed by Hawker C. J. in 2013 33 …”

“…Since then, electrochemical controlled cationic polymerization has been rapidly developed. 180,181 Some research results on electrochemically controlled cationic polymerization have been reviewed by Hawker C. J. in 2013. 33 In 2014, Nie J. conducted the first investigation into the kinetics of electrically induced vinyl ether polymerization, using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF 4 ) as the initiator.…”

Electro‐induced Cationic Polymerization of Vinyl Ethers by Using Ionic Liquid 1‐Butyl‐3‐methy­limidazolium Tetrafluoroborate as Initiator

“…How did the Lewis acid HBF 4 form in the electric fi eld? Yagci and co-workers, [ 31 ] Crivello et al, [ 32 ] and Nie and co-workers [ 33 ] believed that the Lewis acid was formed by a proton being combined through electrolysis of a trace amount of water in the electro-induced cationic polymerization system. Thus, the mechanism of electro-induced cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers by using BMIMBF 4 …”