Electroencephalographic studies of stunning and slaughter of sheep and calves: Part 1—The onset of permanent insensibility in sheep during slaughter

Newhook, J.C.; Blackmore, D.K.

doi:10.1016/0309-1740(82)90031-6

Cited by 64 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…After bleeding, visually evoked responses persist in poultry for at least one minute after spontaneous cortical activity has stopped (Daly 1985). At the present time, there is no good explanation for the apparent conflict between Gregory and Wotton (1984a), and , and Newhook and Blackmore (1982).…”

Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…After the throat is cut, calves may still receive blood to the brain via the vertebral arteries (Newhook and Blackmore 1982;Blackmore 1985, personal communication). Newhook and Blackmore (1982) report that young calves remain sensible for 65 to 85 seconds after the throat is cut with a possible resurgence of sensibility up to 123 to 323 seconds later. In older calves, 31 to 42 days of age, the onset of unconsciousness was 28 to 168 seconds after bleeding .…”

Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A stunning method which produces either permanent or prolonged insensibility is essential for humane stunning of calves (Lambooy and Spanjaard 1982;Newhook and Blackmore 1982). I have observed calves reviving during bleeding in slaughter plants when conventional electric stunning was used.…”

Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Too long an interval between conventional electric stunning and bleeding is, unfortunately, a common occurrence in some slaughter plants (Gregory and Wotton 1984c). (Blackmore & Newhook 1982) 2-7 sec. (Newhook & Blackmore 1982) 29 sec.…”

Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Blackmore & Newhook 1982) 2-7 sec. (Newhook & Blackmore 1982) 29 sec. (Newhook & Blackmore 1982) 22 minimum sec.…”

Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Cardiac Arrest Stunning of Livestock and Poultry

Grandin

1986

Advances in Animal Welfare Science 1985

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Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Blackmore & Newhook 1982) 2-7 sec. (Newhook & Blackmore 1982) 29 sec. (Newhook & Blackmore 1982) 22 minimum sec.…”

Section: Insensibility Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cardiac Arrest Stunning of Livestock and Poultry

Grandin

1986

Advances in Animal Welfare Science 1985

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Improving animal welfare in wildlife shooting: The importance of projectile energy

et al. 2016

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In wildlife shooting programs, the energy profile of the projectile or bullet (i.e., kinetic energy transferred to the animal), as distinct from caliber (projectile diameter), is an important factor for animal welfare. We examined the role of projectile energy in determining animal welfare outcomes for a typical European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) sharpshooting program. We compared 2 projectiles of different energy profiles: low-energy 40-grain .22 long rifle rimfire (.22LR; 198 J) bullets and high-energy 40-grain .222 Remington 1 centerfire (.222R; 1,433 J) bullets, fired under similar conditions on 3 nights in September 2014, on a livestock grazing property near Broken Hill, New South Wales, southeastern Australia. We used a thermal-imaging camera to collect antemortem data from 500 rabbits that were shot at varying distance. We collected postmortem data via visual inspection from 482 rabbits that were killed. We used these data to compare 3 animal welfare parameters: wounding rate, duration of suffering, and ballistic injuries. We then used regression modeling to measure the effect of projectile type on these welfare parameters while accounting for shooting distance. All animal welfare parameters indicated that .222R projectiles were more humane than .22LR projectiles. When controlling for distance, for rabbits shot with a .22LR compared with a .222R, the odds of nonlethal wounding increased by a factor of 8 and noninstantaneous death increased by a factor of 9. All animal welfare parameters declined with increasing distance for both projectiles. Our results show that projectile energy and shooting distance were critical determinants of animal welfare outcomes in wildlife shooting programs. Ó

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The Science of Conscious Perception and Death

Fuseini

2022

Animal Welfare

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Electroencephalographic studies of stunning and slaughter of sheep and calves: Part 1—The onset of permanent insensibility in sheep during slaughter

Cited by 64 publications

References 4 publications

Cardiac Arrest Stunning of Livestock and Poultry

Cardiac Arrest Stunning of Livestock and Poultry

Improving animal welfare in wildlife shooting: The importance of projectile energy

The Science of Conscious Perception and Death

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