Electroencephalographic Sleep Abnormalities in Schizophrenia

Tandon, Rajiv; Shipley, James E.; Taylor, Stephan F.; Greden, John F.; Eiser, Alan S.; DeQuardo, John R.; Goodson, JoAnn

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820030017003

Cited by 171 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Furthermore, our results suggest that melatonin may influence R E M sleep in an opposite way to many psychotropic drugs. Most tricyclic antidepressants, as well as many neuroleptics, are known to suppress and/or destabilize R E M sleep [16,17], On the other hand, in our patient melatonin increased the per centage o f R E M sleep and appeared to reinforce the active inhibition o f motor activity during sleep. We consider our findings, which we are now trying to replicate, to be very preliminary.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Melatonin Effects in a Patient with Severe REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: Case Report and Theoretical Considerations

Kunz¹,

Bes²

1997

Neuropsychobiology

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REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is so far a possibly underestimated yet well-described sleep disorder. Its major impact is the vigorous sleep behavior that often results in injuries to the patient himself or to people sleeping nearby. We treated a 64-year-old male with a clinically and polysomnographically confirmed diagnosis of RBD with 3 mg melatonin, which led to a significant reduction of motor activity during sleep, as measured by actigraphy (p < 0.0001 in all analyzed movement parameters), and a full clinical recovery over a 5-month treatment period. RBD phenomena gradually returned after melatonin administration was stopped. After 2 months’ treatment, polysomnography showed no major changes except an increase of REM sleep (13 vs. 17% of sleep period time) and a better preservation of REM-sleep-associated muscle atonia. Our results suggest that melatonin might be able to reinforce REM sleep in RBD patients by enhancing its active inhibition of motor activity.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Melatonin Effects in a Patient with Severe REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: Case Report and Theoretical Considerations

Kunz¹,

Bes²

1997

Neuropsychobiology

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“…112 Another important observation from the clinical use of muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonists is that these drugs worsen cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia. 30 Other effects associated with the cholinergic system in schizophrenia include a significant shortening of rapid eye movement (REM) latency during acute exacerbations, 113,114 greater shortening of REM latency following a muscarinic agonist 115 and a lesser prolongation of REM latency following a muscarinic antagonist. 116 In addition, a cholinergic challengetest, using the cholinesterase inhibitor pyridostigmine, showed that the growth hormone response was increased in unmedicated subjects with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Neuroimaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a muscarinic hypothesis of schizophrenia

Raedler

Bymaster

Tandon³

et al. 2006

Mol Psychiatry

244

211

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Although the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis and treatment of schizophrenia, the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia fails to explain all aspects of this disorder. It is increasingly evident that the pathology of schizophrenia also involves other neurotransmitter systems. Data from many streams of research including preclinical and clinical pharmacology, treatment studies, post-mortem studies and neuroimaging suggest an important role for the muscarinic cholinergic system in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This review will focus on evidence that supports the hypothesis that the muscarinic system is involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and that muscarinic receptors may represent promising novel targets for the treatment of this disorder.

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“…It is therefore possible that some schizophrenic patients may be biologically similar to affective disorder; such patients may be expected to have sleep findings similar to those in affective disorders. Preliminary data on this issue are contradictory (Keshavan et al 19906;Tandon et al 1992). This hypothesis, therefore, needs further rigorous testing.…”

Section: Rem Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%