Electroencephalographic Characterization of Spike‐Wave Discharges in Cortex and Thalamus in WAG/Rij Rats

Sitnikova, Evgenia; Luijtelaar, Gilles van

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01250.x

Cited by 62 publications

(61 citation statements)

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“…Cortico-thalamo-cortical oscillatory network primarily represents neurophysiological basis involved in the initiation and propagation of SWD (Sitnikova and van Luijtelaar 2007). Corticothalamic projections from the major extrinsic input to the GABAergic reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN) determine the generation of synchronized activities in the thalamus and the RTN might play a pacemaker role in the electrogenesis of thalamic oscillations (Pinault et al 2001;Coenen and van Luijtelaar 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inclusion criteria for the analyzed spike-andwave discharge (SWD) data were as follows: (1) spontaneous and generalized, rhythmic 5-7 Hz discharges; (2) with typical spike-wave complex lasting [1 s; and (3) amplitude of at least twice the background EEG activity (van Luijtelaar and Coenen 1986;Kuznetsova et al 1996;Pinault et al 2001;Schridde and van Luijtelaar 2004;Yan et al 2005;Sitnikova and van Luijtelaar 2007;Blumenfeld et al 2008). The number and duration of SWDs were calculated at 15-min intervals during 90-min period after H injection.…”

Section: Eeg/swd Recordingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two Types of Seizures in Homocysteine Thiolactone-Treated Adult Rats, Behavioral and Electroencephalographic Study

et al. 2008

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D,L-homocysteine thiolactone (H), a reactive homocysteine metabolite, contributes to total homocysteine pool. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of H after acute application in increasing doses to rats. Adult Wistar rat were intraperitoneally administered saline or H in increasing doses (5.5, 8.0, or 11.0 mmol/kg). For electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings, three gold-plated screws were implanted into the skull and animals were supervised. We observed H-induced two types of seizures, the coexistence of convulsive and nonconvulsive epilepsy. Dose-related increase in the number and severity (0-4) of displaying convulsions was recorded. In H(5.5) group, the majority of seizure episodes were grade 1 (62.5 and 0% lethality), in H(8) 40% grade 2, and in H(11) grade 4 in 42.11% (100% lethal outcome). EEGs recordings in convulsive animals showed a high-voltage spike-wave and polyspikes complexes. The second, absence-like, nonconvulsive seizures were accompanied by the EEGs mostly with 6-8 Hz spikes-and-wave discharges (SWD). Latency time to the generalized clonic-tonic seizures overlapped with the time of the maximal median number and median duration of the SWD per 15 min during 90-min observing period. The results show that acute H administration significantly changes neurons, EEG tracings, and behavioral responses and suggests a possible model for studying petit mal epilepsy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Eeg/swd Recordingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Types of Seizures in Homocysteine Thiolactone-Treated Adult Rats, Behavioral and Electroencephalographic Study

et al. 2008

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“…Similar EEG paroxysms, spike-and-wave discharges (SWD) appear in rat strains with a genetic predisposition to absence epilepsy, such as GAERS (Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg; Vergnes, 1987) and WAG/Rij (Wistar Albino Glaxo from Rijswijk, Coenen and van Luijtelaar, 2003; see also http://www.socsci.ru.nl/wagrij/info.0.html). The EEG waveform and duration (1-30 s, mean 5 s) of SWD in rats and in humans are comparable, but the frequency of SWD in rats is higher, 8-11 Hz (Midzianovskaia et al, 2001;Sitnikova and van Luijtelaar, 2007;van Luijtelaar and Coenen, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The onset of SWD was associated with an amplification of pre-SWD existing tendencies. However, it is difficult to compare couplings in both directions to each other since thalamus and cortex signals are essentially different from each other even in respect of their waveforms (Sitnikova and van Luijtelaar, 2007). More meaningful is to trace changes in coupling characteristics over time.…”

Section: Implications Of the Linear Granger Causality In Eeg Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Granger causality: Cortico-thalamic interdependencies during absence seizures in WAG/Rij rats

Sitnikova

Dikanev

Смирнов

et al. 2008

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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Linear Granger causality was used to identify the coupling strength and directionality of information transport between frontal cortex and thalamus during spontaneous absence seizures in a genetic model, the WAG/Rij rats. Electroencephalograms were recorded at the cortical surface and from the specific thalamus. Granger coupling strength was measured before, during and after the occurrence of spike-wave discharges (SWD).Before the onset of SWD, coupling strength was low, but associations from thalamus-to-cortex were stronger than vice versa. The onset of SWD was associated with a rapid and significant increase of coupling strength in both directions. There were no changes in Granger causalities before the onset of SWD. The strength of thalamus-to-cortex coupling remained constantly high during the seizures. The strength of cortex-to-thalamus coupling gradually diminished shortly after the onset of SWD and returned to the pre-SWD level when SWD stopped. In contrast, the strength of thalamus-to-cortex coupling remained elevated even after cessation of SWD.The strong and sustained influence of thalamus-to-cortex may facilitate propagation and maintenance of seizure activity, while rapid reduction of cortex-to-thalamus coupling strength may prompt the cessation of SWD. However, the linear estimation of Granger coupling strength does not seem to be sufficient for predicting episodes with absence epilepsy.

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“…dopamine), and affects of kindling processes (1,8). Sitnikova and Van Luijtelaar emphasized the presence of two different origins of SWC in WAG/Rij (compared to one in GAERS); one form being generalized discharges spreading through the cortex with similarities to humans both clinically and electrophysiologically (12). Moreover, GAERS were reported to have a more wide-spread involvement of the white matter tracts compared to WAG\Rij strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The acute and delayed effects of vagal nerve stimulation in absence epilepsy model on wagrij

Uyar

Türk²,

Isik³

et al. 2014

Turkish Neurosurgery

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ABSTRACTgoing activity and transient unresponsiveness to surrounding stimuli. The patients generally have a good outcome and high success rates can be achieved with medical therapy.As VNS is generally reserved for medically intractable or drug intolerant patients, effects of the stimulation for absence seizures is not well studied. However, knowing the efficacy and characteristics of VNS on generalized non-convulsive epilepsy, e.g. absence seizures, will potentially enlighten the mechanisms and extent of VNS actions on brain activities (5). █ INTRODUCTIONVagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is an effective method of treatment for patients with epilepsy either unresponsive to medical therapy or not suitable for resective surgeries. A decrease in seizure frequency was shown in the literature with consensus but the exact mechanism of action and the particular types of responsive epilepsy (e.g. convulsive or non-convulsive) are still obscure (2, 4, 11).Absence seizures are a type of non-convulsive generalized epilepsy. They typically present with abrupt cessation of an on-AIM: Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is an effective method of treatment for epilepsy patients either unresponsive to medical therapy or not suitable for resective surgeries. We designed an experimental study on Wistar Albino Glaxo rats from Rijswijk (WAG\Rij) to investigate the effects of VNS on a non-convulsive epilepsy model. MATERIAL and METHODS:The experiment was performed on six WAG/Rij rats, a validated strain for genetic absence seizures. The animals were underwent VNS and the effects were investigated on electroencephalography (EEG) recordings at 22, 24, 26 hours of stimulation and 15 days after the cessation, for duration of spike and wave complexes (SWC), the numbers, mean duration of SWC and frequencies in an hour. RESULTS:EEG recordings demonstrated that the mean duration of SWC was 353.1 seconds and the number of activity per hour was 62 at the baseline. There were statistically significant decreases in the total duration of SWC and the number of activities (61.8% and 78% decrease, respectively). There were no significant decreases in the mean duration of SWC and the frequencies. CONCLUSION:The acute stimulation of the vagal nerve caused a statistically significant decrease both in overall duration of SWC and the number of complexes in an hour. Moreover, the positive effects seemed to last even 15 days after the cessation of the stimulation. Further studies focusing on different stimulation parameters and delayed effects of the VNS on human absence seizures are warranted.

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Electroencephalographic Characterization of Spike‐Wave Discharges in Cortex and Thalamus in WAG/Rij Rats

Cited by 62 publications

References 50 publications

Two Types of Seizures in Homocysteine Thiolactone-Treated Adult Rats, Behavioral and Electroencephalographic Study

Two Types of Seizures in Homocysteine Thiolactone-Treated Adult Rats, Behavioral and Electroencephalographic Study

Granger causality: Cortico-thalamic interdependencies during absence seizures in WAG/Rij rats

The acute and delayed effects of vagal nerve stimulation in absence epilepsy model on wagrij

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