Electroencephalographic changes induced by stimulation of the cerebellum of man

Snider, Ray S.; Wetzel, Nicholas

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(65)90025-8

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…, p. 7). Physiological studies involving different methods to stimulate the cerebellum were also consistent with Holmes' conclusions: While stimulation of the cerebral cortex reliably evokes vivid sensations or perceptions, stimulation of the cerebellum very rarely affects conscious experience …”

Section: Introduction: the Cerebellar Cognitive Revolutionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Physiological studies involving different methods to stimulate the cerebellum were also consistent with Holmes' conclusions: While stimulation of the cerebral cortex reliably evokes vivid sensations or perceptions, [3][4][5] stimulation of the cerebellum very rarely affects conscious experience. [6][7][8] Thus, through the 20th century, textbooks of anatomy, neurology, and neuroscience limited the discussion of the cerebellum to chapters on motor control and sensorimotor learning. 9 Discussion of the complexities of the human mind were fixated on the cerebral cortex, resulting in what Parvizi has diagnosed as a corticocentric myopia in the cognitive neurosciences.…”

Section: Introduction: the Cerebellar Cognitive Revolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebellar contributions to motor control and language comprehension: searching for common computational principles

Moberget

Ivry

2016

Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.

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The past 25 years have seen the functional domain of the cerebellum extend beyond the realm of motor control, with considerable discussion of how this subcortical structure contributes to cognitive domains including attention, memory, and language. Drawing on evidence from neuroanatomy, physiology, neuropsychology, and computational work, sophisticated models have been developed to describe cerebellar function in sensorimotor control and learning. In contrast, mechanistic accounts of how the cerebellum contributes to cognition have remained elusive. Inspired by the homogeneous cerebellar microanatomy and a desire for parsimony, many researchers have sought to extend mechanistic ideas from motor control to cognition. One influential hypothesis centers on the idea that the cerebellum implements internal models, representations of the context-specific dynamics of an agent’s interactions with the environment, enabling predictive control. We briefly review cerebellar anatomy and physiology, to review the internal model hypothesis as applied in the motor domain, before turning to extensions of these ideas in the linguistic domain, focusing on speech perception and semantic processing. While recent findings are consistent with this computational generalization, they also raise challenging questions regarding the nature of cerebellar learning, and may thus inspire revisions of our views on the role of the cerebellum in sensorimotor control.

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Section: Introduction: the Cerebellar Cognitive Revolutionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introduction: the Cerebellar Cognitive Revolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar contributions to motor control and language comprehension: searching for common computational principles

Moberget

Ivry

2016

Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.

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“…The existence of a modulating action ex erted by the cerebellum on the cortical activ ities was first observed by Walker in 1938 [ 1 ] and successively confirmed by other authors [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Spindle and EEG Sleep Alterations in Subjects Affected by Cortical Cerebellar Atrophy

1987

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All-night polygraphic records (EEG, EOG and ECG) were performed on 9 subjects. Four of them were affected by Familiar Cerebellar Atrophy (FCA) whereas the others were their blood relatives without clinical signs of cerebellar deficit. In the former FCA was diagnosed clinically and the cerebellar atrophy was confirmed by computer tomography (CT). In all the latter except one who showed slight cerebellar atrophy, the CTs were negative. The EEG sleep records of the FCA patients were characterized by slowly changing phases between synchronized and desynchronized sleep, instability of the synchronized sleep with frequent modifications of EEG activity, subnormal measurement of both REM and slow-wave sleep and presence of spindles in REM sleep (only in 2 patients). The spindle activity was reduced in two FCA subjects. The electroencephalographic sleep records of two BRs, one of which with small cerebellar atrophy, showed qualitative and quantitative alterations similar to those of FCA patients, even if marked to a lesser degree. Increased spindle densities were present in the same BRs who showed sleep abnormalities. The EEG alterations observed in the two BR subjects could show small cerebellar injuries which would be insufficient to induce clinical signs.

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“…circuits, we thought it would be instructive to compare detection thresholds of VPL and peripheral nerve with thresholds of structures in the vicinity of VPL that have prominent projections to neighboring regions of the cerebral cortex. In view of Snider and Wetzel's (1965) suggestion that cerebellar efferent pathways may modulate sensory experience, we selected the deep cerebellar nuclei and the ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the thalamus as stimulus targets for measuring behavioral detection thresholds. The anatomical organization of VL and VPL have certain similarities (Rinvik & Grofova, 1974).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral detection of subcortical stimuli: Comparison of somatosensory and "motor" circuits.

Bourassa¹,

Swett²

1982

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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Cats were trained to press a lever for food reinforcement in response to stimulation of the ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the thalamus and the deep cerebellar nuclei. By scaling stimulus intensities relative to the appearance of a minimal amplitude evoked response in precruciate cortex, it was possible to measure behavioral detection thresholds and correlate behavior with electrocortical activity. With stimulus rates of 25 Hz or greater, VL was the least effective stimulus site for producing detection. At stimulus rates less than 25 Hz, stimulation of the lateral or interpositus nuclei was even less effective in eliciting behavior, but at rates of 25 Hz or more, detection thesholds decreased below those for VL stimulation; cerebellar stimulation produced detection as readily as had stimulation of the ventrobasal complex in other experiments. These findings suggest that the cerebellum may modulate sensory experiences and that some portions of cerebral cortex, the pericruciate and suprasylvian regions, do not appear to be directly involved in mediating sensory detection. It is postulated that the neural detection circuits are more likely to be found in subcortical than in cerebrocortical structures.

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Electroencephalographic changes induced by stimulation of the cerebellum of man

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Cerebellar contributions to motor control and language comprehension: searching for common computational principles

Cerebellar contributions to motor control and language comprehension: searching for common computational principles

Spindle and EEG Sleep Alterations in Subjects Affected by Cortical Cerebellar Atrophy

Behavioral detection of subcortical stimuli: Comparison of somatosensory and "motor" circuits.

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