Electroencephalogram patterns in patients comorbid with major depressive disorder and anxiety symptoms: Proposing a hypothesis based on hypercortical arousal and not frontal or parietal alpha asymmetry

Lin, I-Mei; Chen, Ting‐Chun; Lin, Hsin-Yi; Wang, San-Yu; Sung, Jia-Li; Yen, Chen‐Wen

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.001

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…However, our results showed a contrast in alpha frontal asymmetry, in which there was a relatively higher right frontal activity in the no-choice phase. For the beta and gamma frequency bands, there was a relatively higher frontal asymmetry during the “choice” conditions, which was in line with previous research that relates higher left frontal beta activity compared to right frontal activity to consumers’ purchase decisions ( Aftanas et al, 2006 ; Ramsøy et al, 2018 ; Zhao et al, 2018 ; Alarcão and Fonseca, 2019 ; Lin et al, 2021 ; Yuan et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The frontal asymmetry score is a well-established EEG feature to indicate the lateralization effect of emotional processing in the brain ( Lee et al, 2020 ; Lin et al, 2021 ; Yang et al, 2021 ). Frontal asymmetry is calculated by subtracting the log-transformed power values of frontal channel F7 from frontal channel F8 and divided by the sum of the power of both electrodes, as shown in Equation 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lateralized function of the brain has been the core of many neuroscientific studies on emotion ( Petrantonakis and Hadjileontiadis, 2011 ; Gable et al, 2015 ), motivation ( Coan et al, 1997 ; Poole and Gable, 2014 ), neurological and psychiatric disorders ( Keune et al, 2015 ; Lin et al, 2021 ). Specifically, frontal asymmetry scores are one of the most promising features that have been extracted from EEG data to quantify our valence and approach-avoidance behavior ( Coan et al, 1997 ; Davidson, 2004 ; Ravaja et al, 2013 ; Poole and Gable, 2014 ; Wixted, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Motivation in the metaverse: A dual-process approach to consumer choices in a virtual reality supermarket

et al. 2023

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IntroductionConsumer decision-making processes involve a complex interrelation between perception, emotion, and cognition. Despite a vast and diverse literature, little effort has been invested in investigating the neural mechanism behind such processes.MethodsIn the present work, our interest was to investigate whether asymmetrical activation of the frontal lobe of the brain could help to characterize consumer’s choices. To obtain stronger experimental control, we devised an experiment in a virtual reality retail store, while simultaneously recording participant brain responses using electroencephalogram (EEG). During the virtual store test, participants completed two tasks; first, to choose items from a predefined shopping list, a phase we termed as “planned purchase”. Second, subjects were instructed that they could also choose products that were not on the list, which we labeled as “unplanned purchase.” We assumed that the planned purchases were associated with a stronger cognitive engagement, and the second task was more reliant on immediate emotional responses.ResultsBy analyzing the EEG data based on frontal asymmetry measures, we find that frontal asymmetry in the gamma band reflected the distinction between planned and unplanned decisions, where unplanned purchases were accompanied by stronger asymmetry deflections (relative frontal left activity was higher). In addition, frontal asymmetry in the alpha, beta, and gamma ranges illustrate clear differences between choices and no-choices periods during the shopping tasks.DiscussionThese results are discussed in light of the distinction between planned and unplanned purchase in consumer situations, how this is reflected in the relative cognitive and emotional brain responses, and more generally how this can influence research in the emerging area of virtual and augmented shopping.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Motivation in the metaverse: A dual-process approach to consumer choices in a virtual reality supermarket

et al. 2023

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“…A study, for example, that compared 20 individuals with MDD and 16 healthy controls, found no significant difference in FAA between groups, while defining alpha as 8−12 Hz and measuring at electrodes F3/4, F7/8, and several other frontal locations [ 51 ]. In a larger investigation that compared 135 individuals with comorbid MDD and anxiety with 135 healthy controls, FAA (alpha 8−12 Hz) did not differ between groups, but there was an increase in beta activity within the brain, suggesting generalized neural hyperexcitability in MDD [ 52 ]. Although not explicitly about MDD, a study that used a low-cost wearable headset EEG system in 220 adults, found that robust linear regression models did not reveal an association between well-being and FAA, as measured at AF7/8 [ 53 ].…”

Section: Studies That Challenge Right Frontal Activation In Negative ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Its Modulation by Monoaminergic Neurotransmitters in Depression

Fitzgerald

2024

Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci

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Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is an electroencephalography (EEG) measure that quantifies trait-like left versus right hemisphere lateralization in alpha power. Increased FAA indicates relatively greater left than right frontal cortex activation and is associated with enhanced reward-related approach behaviors rather than avoidance or withdrawal. Studies dating back several decades have often suggested that having greater FAA supports enhanced positive affect and protection against major depressive disorder (MDD), whereas having greater right frontal activation (i.e., reduced FAA) is associated with negative affect and risk for MDD. While this hypothesis is widely known, a number of other studies instead have found increased FAA in MDD, or evidence that either leftward or rightward bias in FAA is associated with depression. Here we briefly review the literature on leftward or rightward lateralization in FAA in MDD, and find much evidence that MDD is not always characterized by reduced FAA. We also review the limited literature on FAA and monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems, including pharmacologic agents that act on them. Studies of serotonin in particular provide genetic and pharmacologic evidence for modulation of FAA, where some of these data may suggest that serotonin reduces FAA. In a synthesis of the collective literature on FAA and the monoamines, we suggest that serotonin and norepinephrine may differentially affect FAA, with serotonin tending to promote right frontal activation and norepinephrine biased toward left frontal activation. These putative differences in frontal lateralization may influence MDD phenotypes or potential subtypes of the disorder, and suggest pharmacologic treatment strategies.

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“…11,12 Still, a recent study found no significant difference in α asymmetry between healthy controls and patients, so it may be an unreliable predictor of prognosis. 13 There is a growing amount of evidence pointing to the promise of resting overall posterior α frequency or power instead. Cao and colleagues 14 found that cTBS over the right prefrontal cortex affected EEG frequency ranges in the α band during emotional processing.…”

Section: J Psychiatry Neurosci 2022;47(2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical effects of continuous theta burst stimulation for generalized anxiety disorder and a mechanism involving α oscillations: a randomized controlled trial

Zhang

Tan

et al. 2022

jpn

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Background: Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) is a much more rapid protocol than low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), but no clinical trial has yet investigated the efficacy and mechanisms of cTBS for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical effects and α oscillations induced by cTBS versus 1 Hz rTMS as predictors of response, and to assess the underlying mechanisms of the therapeutic effects of cTBS in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Methods: We randomly allocated 120 patients with generalized anxiety disorder to receive cTBS (n = 41), 1 Hz rTMS (n = 40) or sham cTBS (n = 39) over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; we also included healthy controls (n = 30) to compare neurophysiological data. We analyzed changes in Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores and α oscillations (frequency and power) at baseline, posttreatment and 1-month follow-up. Results: After 20 sessions of treatment, patients' anxiety had improved and α power had increased in the cTBS and 1 Hz rTMS groups. However, at 1-month follow-up the cTBS group had significantly more responders and remitters, and higher α oscillations than the 1 Hz rTMS group (post hoc analysis: cTBS > rTMS > sham). At baseline, α frequency was inversely correlated with psychological symptom scores on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (r = −0.613, p < 0.001); post-treatment, this correlation was present only in the cTBS group (r = −0.685, p < 0.001). Limitations: Electroencephalography data were limited to the α band. Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence for the clinical use of cTBS, a novel brain stimulation protocol. Its therapeutic effects may be the result of increasing α frequency, thereby improving the psychological symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder.

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Electroencephalogram patterns in patients comorbid with major depressive disorder and anxiety symptoms: Proposing a hypothesis based on hypercortical arousal and not frontal or parietal alpha asymmetry

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Motivation in the metaverse: A dual-process approach to consumer choices in a virtual reality supermarket

Motivation in the metaverse: A dual-process approach to consumer choices in a virtual reality supermarket

Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Its Modulation by Monoaminergic Neurotransmitters in Depression

Clinical effects of continuous theta burst stimulation for generalized anxiety disorder and a mechanism involving α oscillations: a randomized controlled trial

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