Electroelastic Features of Piezoelectric Bi₂ZnB₂O₇ Crystal

Abstract

A Bi2ZnB2O7 single crystal measuring 45 mm × 35 mm × 15 mm was grown by using the Kyropoulos method. The as-grown crystal showed distinct crystal facets (001), (010), and (110), among others, which were consistent with the ideal growth morphology predicted by the Bravais-Friedel and Donnay-Harker method. The electric, elastic, and piezoelectric properties of the Bi2ZnB2O7 single crystal were examined, using the impedance and pulse-echo methods for the first time. The independent piezoelectric coefficients d 15, d 24, d 31, d 32, and d 33 were evaluated and found to be of the value of 1.4, −5.5, 2.5, −6.4, and 1.1 pC/N, respectively. The contributions of the crystal symmetry space group to the piezoelectric property were analyzed from the viewpoint of polyhedral distortion and net dipole moment. The temperature-dependent behaviors of the electroelastic properties were characterized in the temperature range from room temperature to 500 °C. Within this temperature range, the highest electromechanical coupling factor k 32 (14.5%) and piezoelectric coefficient d 33 (1.1 pC/N) exhibited temperature-independent behavior.

Spontaneous Growth of CaBi4Ti4O15 Piezoelectric Crystal Using Mixed Flux Agents

“…Table 1 summarizes the dipole moments of each polyhedron in CBT crystal. It was found that the magnitude of the net dipole moment in the unit cell of the CBT crystal was about 37 Debye, which is comparable with the α-BiB 3 O 6 single crystal (35 Debye), of which the piezoelectric charge coefficient d 22 was determined to be in the order of 40 pC/N [41]. Additionally, the directions of the dipole moment for the polyhedral and unit cell of the CBT crystal are identified and shown in Figure 6b, where the net dipole moment direction of the CBT unit cell was negative along the crystallographic c-axis.…”

Bismuth-Based Oxyborate Piezoelectric Crystals: Growth and Electro-Elastic Properties

“…Figure 4 exhibits the schematic crystal structures for α-BIBO and BZBO crystals, where the α-BIBO crystal consists of one type of Bi-O octahedron, while the BZBO crystal possesses two types of Bi-O octahedra. Different from the α-BIBO crystal, the directions of the dipole moment for the two types of Bi-O octahedra in BZBO crystal were partly offset, which weakened the piezoelectric response in BZBO crystal, thus the effective piezoelectric coefficients for BZBO crystal were lower than the α-BIBO crystal [21,26,27].…”

“…The electro-elastic constants of these crystals were characterized by using the impedance method. The related crystal cuts, vibration modes, and equations for evaluating the independent dielectric, elastic, electromechanical, and piezoelectric constants were studied and reported in our previous work [18,21]. For the radial extensional mode, the effective electromechanical coupling factors k p were evaluated by measuring the Y-and Z-oriented discs for α-BIBO and BZBO crystals, respectively.…”

“…Furthermore, active studies were performed for new NLO crystal materials in the ternary Bi 2 O 3 -MO-B 2 O 3 system (MO is metal oxide), and a new non-centrosymmetric crystal Bi 2 ZnB 2 O 7 (BZBO) with orthorhombic symmetry was obtained [15,16]. To date, the α-BIBO and BZBO crystals have been successfully grown in labs, and their NLO and piezoelectric properties have been discussed [17][18][19][20][21]. However, there remains problems during the single crystal growth, and critical growth parameters have not been optimized yet, especially for the α-BIBO crystal.…”

Intermolecular Interactions in Functional Crystalline Materials: From Data to Knowledge

“…Having experimental data about Miller indices of crystal faces, one can examine corresponding planes using the free Packing/Slicing tool of Mercury. Particularly, indexing of the crystal phases becomes of practical interest for nonlinear optics [120], organic photonics [121], piezoelectrics [122][123][124], and organic electronics [125][126][127][128]. Knowledge of functional groups or supramolecular synthons forming crystal faces allowed in some cases to rationalize mechanical effects in dynamic crystals [129][130][131][132] such as self-healing, jumping, bending, twisting at heat, humidity, force or light, and to describe pressure-induced phase transitions (see Refs.…”