Electrodynamics of a Cosmic Dark Fluid

Abstract

Cosmic Dark Fluid is considered as a non-stationary medium, in which electromagnetic waves propagate, and magneto-electric field structures emerge and evolve. A medium-type representation of the Dark Fluid allows us to involve in its analysis the concepts and mathematical formalism elaborated in the framework of classical covariant electrodynamics of continua, and to distinguish dark analogs of well-known medium-effects, such as optical activity, pyro-electricity, piezo-magnetism, electro-and magneto-striction and dynamo-optical activity. The Dark Fluid is assumed to be formed by a duet of a Dark Matter (a pseudoscalar axionic constituent) and Dark Energy (a scalar element); respectively, we distinguish electrodynamic effects induced by these two constituents of the Dark Fluid. The review contains discussions of 10 models, which describe electrodynamic effects induced by Dark Matter and/or Dark Energy. The models are accompanied by examples of exact solutions to the master equations, correspondingly extended; applications are considered for cosmology and space-times with spherical and pp-wave symmetries. In these applications we focused the attention on three main electromagnetic phenomena induced by the Dark Fluid: first, emergence of Longitudinal Magneto-Electric Clusters; second, generation of anomalous electromagnetic responses; third, formation of Dark Epochs in the Universe history.

Polarization and stratification of axionically active plasma in a dyon magnetosphere

“…There are two constitutive elements in the axion electrodynamics: first, the electromagnetic field with the vector potential A k , second, the pseudoscalar field φ. The simplest Lagrangian of interaction between the pseudoscalar field and photons was intro- * Electronic address: Alexander.Balakin@kpfu.ru † Electronic address: groshevdmitri@mail.ru duced in [24]; its modifications and new applications have been considered in many works (see, e.g., [25][26][27][28]).…”

On the Phenomenology of an Accelerated Large-Scale Universe

“…In order to solve the mentioned problems various models of dynamical DE models have been introduced without violating/recovering symmetries of LSU [5,6]. Among DE models are quintessence, k-essence, tachyonic, phantom and quinton DE models, as well as dark fluids like Chaplygin gas (and its modifications), van der Waals gas and polytropic gas involving also viscosity and references therein.…”

“…In this case according to recent understanding of symmetries and physics of LSU, dark energy (DE) (≈70%) should be used to provide acceleration to expanding universe [5,6]. On the other hand, DE is not enough and according to astrophysical data, dark matter (DM) should be involved in the energy budget of universe [7,8].…”

Axionic extension of the Einstein-aether theory: How does dynamic aether regulate the state of axionic dark matter?

“…2. When Γ < 1, the scalars, which describe the effective energy density and pressure of the aether (47), demonstrate four interesting features: first, the aether energy density W (U) is positive, when the effective Jacobson's parameter C 1 +3C 2 +C 3 is negative and satisfies the inequality −2 < C 1 +3C 2 +C 3 < 0; second, the effective aether pressure P (U) changes the sign and becomes negative at the time moment t = t d (see (49)); third, the function W (U) +3P (U) becomes negative, when t > t T > t d ; fourth, the effective aether enthalpy W (U) +P (U) tends to zero asymptotically at t → ∞ (see (48)). In other words, the aether behaves as a dark energy, starting from the time moment t T , and asymptotically becomes the dark energy of the Λ type.…”

“…The next natural step in the development of the Einstein-aether theory was the combination of the electromagnetic and pseudoscalar modifications indicated as axionic extension of the Einstein-Maxwell-aether theory [48][49][50]; in particular, such an extension gave the possibility to describe dynamo-optical anomalies in the electromagnetic response of the axionically active systems [48].…”