Electrodeposition onto magnesium in air and water stable ionic liquids: From corrosion to successful plating

Bakkar, Ashraf; Neubert, Volkmar

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2007.07.010

Cited by 129 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The electrodeposition of zinc onto magnesium alloys from two types of ionic liquid, stable in air and in the presence of water, was recently proposed (Bakkar and Neubert, 2007). One type of ionic liquid is obtained by mixing (ratio 1:2) choline chloride (ChCl), as amine salt (HOC 2 H 4 N(CH 3 ) 3 + Cl -), with a hydrogen bond donor such as urea (NH 2 CONH 2 ), ethylene glycol (HOCH 2 CH 2 OH), malonic acid (HOOCCH 2 COOH), or glycerol (HOCH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 OH).…”

Section: Non-aqueous Electroplatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electroless and Electrochemical Deposition of Metallic Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Critical Literature Review

Forno¹,

Bestetti²

2011

Magnesium Alloys - Corrosion and Surface Treatments

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Section: Non-aqueous Electroplatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 9. Electrochemical parameters of zinc sheet, WE43 alloy and Zn coating on the magnesium alloy (0.1 M NaCl) (Bakkar and Neubert, 2007).…”

Section: Non-aqueous Electroplatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroless and Electrochemical Deposition of Metallic Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Critical Literature Review

Forno¹,

Bestetti²

2011

Magnesium Alloys - Corrosion and Surface Treatments

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“…While several excellent investigations and reviews exist on the use of ionic liquids in the deposition of metallic films, the focus remains on electroplating with little mention of electroless processes. Concerning magnesium-based substrates, electroplating from ionic liquids has been investigated [63,114,115], whereas no extensive investigation has been conducted regarding electroless deposition from ionic liquids specifically on magnesium and its alloys, albeit other substrates have received some attention [116][117][118][119]. Rather than reiterate work cited in previous electroplating books and reviews, the information presented here will focus on the aspects of the electroplating as they relate to magnesium and its alloys, taking into account the choice of bath, its reactivity with the substrate, and the quality of coatings to provide some insight for the development of electroless plating methods.…”

Section: Metallic Film Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid Treatments for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Magnesium‐Based Substrates

Petro

Schlesinger

Song³

2010

Modern Electroplating

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SONG INTRODUCTIONMagnesium (Mg) is the eighth most abundant element on earth, possessing several advantageous properties including a high strength to weight ratio and one of the lightest metals with a density that is only two-thirds that of aluminum and one-fourth that of iron at 1.74 g cm À3 . Additional properties that contribute to magnesium's versatility in the automotive, electronic, and aerospace industries include a high thermal conductivity, high dimensional stability, good electromagnetic shielding characteristics, high damping characteristics, good machinability, and easy recyclability [1]. These properties make the utilization of magnesium of particular interest to the automotive and aerospace industries where the weight reduction provides a simple means to achieve higher fuel efficiencies without sacrificing structural strength.Despite its many valuable properties, magnesium remains a very reactive element, prone to a number of undesirable properties, including poor corrosion and wear resistance, poor creep resistance, and high chemical reactivity, which have limited its wider industrial use. As such, automobiles currently possess few magnesium cast parts, averaging only a few pounds per car. Pure magnesium corrodes rapidly in humid atmospheric and/or aqueous environments where anions such as Cl À , Br À , I À , and SO À x promote local and generalized corrosion [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Compounds like alcohols, ethers, and phenols also attack magnesium [13]. Although alloying magnesium with elements such as manganese, aluminum, zinc, zirconium, and rare earths [14,15] can improve its properties, magnesium and its alloys continue to be extremely susceptible to galvanic corrosion, which can cause severe pitting in the metal, resulting in decreased mechanical stability and an unattractive appearance of the surface. Although uniform attack [16][17][18] is generally the most prevalent form of electrochemical corrosion, occurring with equal intensity over the entire surface of the metal, in the case of magnesium, especially pure magnesium, the partially protective surface film makes localized galvanic [19][20][21][22][23][24] and pitting corrosion [25-35] more common and worrisome, largely due to the difficulty in their detection and suppression. Galvanic corrosion occurs when two metals/alloys having differing compositions, and thus standard electrode potentials, are electrically coupled in the presence of an electrolyte. This coupling results in the formation of a galvanic cell, which preferentially corrodes the more reactive, or electronegative, of the two metals. Since magnesium has a highly negative standard electrode potential (E 0 ¼À2.37 V) there are few metal couples with which serious and rapid corrosion does not occur. Pitting corrosion, defined by the formation of small pits on the surface of a metal/alloy, usually stem from galvanic corrosion of a surface defect and progresses similar to crevice corrosion, where stagnant liquid in a crevice begins oxidizing the metal and/or its pass...

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“…Furthermore, the refractory oxide film on its surface and its thermal brittleness also makes it difficult to weld through the fusion welding, thus great efforts have been made to increase the corrosion resistance of the Mg alloy. The conventional surface treatments [2] which have been developed and used for magnesium and its alloys are named: electrochemical deposition [3][4][5][6], anodic treatment [7,8] represented by DOW method, HAE method and the like, chemical conversion coating [9][10][11][12][13][14], and in addition organic coating [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of zinc on AZ91D magnesium alloy pre‐treated by stannate conversion coatings

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2009

Materials & Corrosion

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A stannate chemical conversion process followed by an activation procedure was employed as the pre-treatment process for AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate. Zn was electroplated onto the pre-treated AZ91D magnesium alloy surface from pyrophosphate bath to improve the corrosion resistance and the solderability. The surface morphologies of conversion coating and zinc coating were examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The phase composition of conversion coating was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical corrosion behavior of the coatings in the corrosive solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results showed that the activated stannate chemical conversion coating provided a suitable interface between zinc coating and the AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate. The corrosion resistance of the AZ91D substrate was improved by the zinc coating.

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Electrodeposition onto magnesium in air and water stable ionic liquids: From corrosion to successful plating

Cited by 129 publications

References 11 publications

Electroless and Electrochemical Deposition of Metallic Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Critical Literature Review

Electroless and Electrochemical Deposition of Metallic Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Critical Literature Review

Ionic Liquid Treatments for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Magnesium‐Based Substrates

Electrodeposition of zinc on AZ91D magnesium alloy pre‐treated by stannate conversion coatings

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