Electrodeposition of Zn–Mn alloys in the presence of thiocarbamide

Bozzini, Benedetto; Griškonis, Egidijus; Fanigliulo, Ameriga; Šulčius, Algirdas

doi:10.1016/s0257-8972(02)00010-5

Cited by 73 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Essentially the same qualitative comments apply for the potential range )500 to )1300 mV. At )500 mV, the fine-grained background exhibits some voids, which can be explained with the adhesion of hydrogen bubbles ( Figure 13) [40,50]. Similar features were observed by ex situ optical microscopy and AFM for acidic sulphate baths in the absence of organic additives [13].…”

Section: Peg-free Solutionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Electrodeposition of Cu from Acidic Sulphate Solutions in the Presence of PEG: An Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Investigation – Part I

et al. 2006

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This paper deals with the effects of PEG during Cu electrodeposition from an acidic sulphate solution. This investigation was carried out with electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical techniques. Potentiostatically grown layers were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Adsorption of PEG on the growing Cu surface can be inferred from electrokinetic, SERS and morphological evidence: variations of the estimated exchange current density, qualitative and quantitative differences in the potentiostatic transients, changes on the cathodic current efficiency, effects on the three-dimensional crystallisation mode under both compact and dendritic growth conditions, appearance of surface-enhanced PEG-related Raman bands. SERS spectra revealed cathodic reactivity of adsorbed PEG.

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Section: Peg-free Solutionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Electrodeposition of Cu from Acidic Sulphate Solutions in the Presence of PEG: An Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Investigation – Part I

et al. 2006

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“…This morphology is observed for manganese contents between 6 and 22%. A morphology showing hexagonal pyramids very similar to Figure 5a was reported by Bozzini et al [10], in a sulphate-citrate bath in the presence of thiocarbamide. They attributed the change of morphology induced by the additive to the adsorption of organic agents.…”

Section: Electrodeposition With Commercial Additivessupporting

confidence: 85%

“…One of the problems of such baths is that the increase in Mn content is obtained with low current efficiency [2], and additives are used in order to improve the performance of the sulphate-citrate bath [9,10]. Other electroplating solutions have been considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Zn–Mn alloys in acidic and alkaline baths. Influence of additives on the morphological and structural properties

et al. 2005

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Electrodeposition of Zn-Mn alloys on steel was achieved using alkaline pyrophosphate-based baths or acidic chloride-based baths. Cyclic voltammetry was used to determine the potential ranges where the various redox processes were taking place. It appeared that the reduction of Mn(II) was generally hidden by the other reduction reactions, especially by the hydrogen evolution reaction. Zn-Mn alloys containing up to 25 at.% Mn in the alkaline bath and 12 at.% in the acidic bath could be obtained at the cost of very low current efficiencies.The characterisation of the deposits obtained either by galvanostatic polarisation or potentiostatic polarisation was performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction. Various Zn-Mn phases were obtained, depending on the current densities, the composition of the deposit and that of the electrolytic bath.Two commercial additives usually used for zinc electrodeposition, one in alkaline baths, the other in acidic baths, were tested. Their effects upon the composition, the morphology and the microstructure of the deposit were investigated.

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“…A complexing action is accepted of citrate towards metal ions in the solution, enhancing cathodic polarisation [9]. In particular, a specific effect of the presence of citrate has been observed on the composition of electrodeposited alloys such as Sn-Mn, Ni-Fe [5], Ni-W [10] or Zn-Mn [11]. Citrate is also used in electrodeposition baths in which it is not expected to act as a complexing agent, such as solutions containing diverse cyanocomplexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric and in situ FTIRS study on CN− and Au(CN)−x complexes at the polycrystalline gold surface in citrate medium

Huerta

Mele

Bozzini

et al. 2004

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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The adsorption and reactivity of citrate anions, cyanide anions, and the Au(I) and Au(III) cyanocomplexes (KAu(CN) 2 and KAu(CN) 4 , respectively) on gold polycrystalline electrodes have been investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry and in situ FTIR spectroscopy in pH 7 sodium citrate medium. It was found that citrate anion adsorbs reversibly through the carboxylate groups from 0.4 V (RHE) on bare gold surfaces. However, the onset of this adsorption process is shifted by 600 mV in the positive direction when adsorbed cyanide species are present at the electrode surface. The Au(I) cyanocomplex produces a film on the gold electrode that inhibits the oxidation of both citrate anions and the gold surface. The reduction of the Au(III) cyanocomplex gives rise to the formation of the Au(I) cyanocomplex at potentials less negative than those required for gold deposition. Upon reduction, both cyanocomplexes release adsorbed cyanide on the gold electrode, which can be subsequently oxidized to cyanate at higher potentials.

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Electrodeposition of Zn–Mn alloys in the presence of thiocarbamide

Cited by 73 publications

References 21 publications

Electrodeposition of Cu from Acidic Sulphate Solutions in the Presence of PEG: An Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Investigation – Part I

Electrodeposition of Cu from Acidic Sulphate Solutions in the Presence of PEG: An Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Investigation – Part I

Electrodeposition of Zn–Mn alloys in acidic and alkaline baths. Influence of additives on the morphological and structural properties

Voltammetric and in situ FTIRS study on CN− and Au(CN)−x complexes at the polycrystalline gold surface in citrate medium

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