“…In thin-film form, WS 2 has been grown by various techniques like sputtering [17], pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [18], chemical bath deposition (CBD) [19], electrodeposition technique [20], and many others. The growth of polycrystalline films with large grain sizes in inclined orientation at relatively low growth temperature is necessary to make efficient solar cells [21].…”
Polycrystalline WS 2 films were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) system at relatively low temperature. The main objective of this study is to optimize the growth conditions for polycrystalline WS 2 films at relatively low temperature to use them for photovoltaics (PVs). Different growth conditions and substrates are used and examined systematically. It is found out that films grown on strontium titanate SrTiO 3 (STO) substrate have the best structural properties when compared to other substrates examined in this work. X-ray diffraction and optical characterizations of these films reveal crystallographic growth and very promising optical properties for PVs. Furthermore, it was observed that higher growth temperature (>300 ∘ C) has an unfavorable effect on the layers by creating some tungsten metallic droplets.
“…In thin-film form, WS 2 has been grown by various techniques like sputtering [17], pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [18], chemical bath deposition (CBD) [19], electrodeposition technique [20], and many others. The growth of polycrystalline films with large grain sizes in inclined orientation at relatively low growth temperature is necessary to make efficient solar cells [21].…”
Polycrystalline WS 2 films were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) system at relatively low temperature. The main objective of this study is to optimize the growth conditions for polycrystalline WS 2 films at relatively low temperature to use them for photovoltaics (PVs). Different growth conditions and substrates are used and examined systematically. It is found out that films grown on strontium titanate SrTiO 3 (STO) substrate have the best structural properties when compared to other substrates examined in this work. X-ray diffraction and optical characterizations of these films reveal crystallographic growth and very promising optical properties for PVs. Furthermore, it was observed that higher growth temperature (>300 ∘ C) has an unfavorable effect on the layers by creating some tungsten metallic droplets.
“…The film grows with deposition time, but not in a simply linear manner. The deposited semiconducting layer hinders subsequent growth, especially after reaching saturation35 .…”
“…Yun et al 214 reported on work-function of MoS 2 interfacial layers which can be efficiently modulated by p-doping and n-doping treatments. J.J. Devadasan et al 215 have reported p-WS 2 thin film based PEC solar cells. They deposited thin films of WS 2 on CTO coated glass substrate by electrodeposition technique and studied its photochemical properties which showed promising results.…”
Atomically thin semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) layered materials have recently been emerged as an exciting area of research due to accessibility for easy synthesis using various chemical and physical methods. These two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with single layer have direct and wide band gap due to which, they are more suitable for nanoelectronics and optoelectronics device applications. Here, we present a review of the energy related aspects of atomically thin layered materials like MoS 2 , WS 2 , MoSe 2 , WSe 2 , InSe, GaSe, GaTe, MoTe 2 , WTe 2 etc. for supercapacitor, solar cell, lithium ion battery and water splitting application. By significantly assessing various materials and comparing their performances with challenging technology, the advantages and disadvantages of this promising area of energy materials are recognized, which may provide guidelines for future progress.
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