Electrodeposition of Metal Matrix Nanocomposites: Improvement of the Chemical Characterization Techniques

Ni–W/ZrO2 nanocomposites obtained by ultrasonic DC electrodeposition

“…Moreover, ultrafine particles exhibit a strong tendency to agglomerate in the galvanic bath due to high surface activity. Also, the usually high ionic strength of electroplating baths promotes the particle agglomeration, and even at higher ionic strength or low surface charge, the particles can agglomerate irreversibly [29,30]. Unique functional properties of MMC coatings depend not only on the amount of the particles, but more importantly on their size and uniform distribution in the bulk of the metallic matrix, which is related to particle characteristics, parameters of the basic electrolyte solution (chemical composition, additive type and concentration), and operating parameters of the electrolysis process.…”

Effect of Surfactants on the Electrodeposition of Ni-SiC Composites

“…Composite electroplating is a method of codepositing insoluble particles of metallic or non-metallic compounds such as oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, diamond, graphite, PTFE or talk in the plated layer to improve material properties such as wear resistance, lubrication, or corrosion resistance [1][2][3][4]. Due to their high wear resistance and low cost of ceramic powders, composite materials such as Ni-SiC manufactured by electro-codeposition method have been investigated to a greater extent and successfully commercialized in the automotive and aerospace industry, particularly for the protection of friction parts [5,6].…”

Electrodeposition of Cu–Ni Composite Coatings

“…The electrodeposition of a composite involves the electrolysis of plating baths where nano-to micro-sized particles are dispersed and various quantities of the particles become imbedded within the plated metal matrix, providing special properties to the coating ( Figure 1) [1]. The process of particle incorporation into metal coatings can be simplified into four steps: (1) particles dispersed in solution form a surface charge; (2) from the bulk solution, there is mass transport of the particles to the surface of the electrode typically through convection; (3) there is interaction between the particle and the electrode; (4) the particles become trapped within the growing metallic film [2]. The earliest example of electrodeposited composites dates back to the 1920s where Cu-graphite coatings were developed for automotive bearings [3,4].…”

“…In the early 2000s, some of the focus started to shift to electrical components and electronic devices [5][6][7][8][9][10]. As the accessibility of nanoparticles continues to rise, the interest in reduced cost and low-temperature electrodeposited MMCs continues to escalate [2]. Coatings can be produced by using several different approaches, and electrodeposition remains a prominent technique to produce novel materials for science and engineering applications.…”

“…Electrodeposition also offers low cost, convenience, ability to work at low temperatures, and the ease of application to complex geometries [11,12]. Other advantages for using electrodeposition include the ability to quickly scale to an industrial setting, uniform coating of large samples, and accurate control of the coating thickness [2]. Other methods for producing MMCs include commercial pressing [13], laser cladding [14], hot pressing [15], plasma transferred-arc surfacing [16], stir casting [17], diffusion bonding [18], powder metallurgy [19], and chemical vapor deposition [20].…”