Electrodeposition of manganese metal: role of quaternary ammonium salts on current efficiency, morphology and polarisation behaviour

Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) in the recycling of nickel and cadmium battery metals using electrodeposition

“…[41][42][43] Previously, quaternary ammonium salts have been used to affect electrodeposition in the case of copper, manganese, and nickel due to their ability to adsorb to the electrode surface, resulting in deposition inhibition. 15,44,45 However, the toxicity of quaternary ammonium salts has raised questions regarding their feasibility as an additive in industrial procedures. 14 Having the ammonium group covalently bound to nanobers is advantageous since it allows for the advantageous properties of the quaternary ammonium to maintain while preventing it from dissolving in the liquid so it can be collected and recycled via ltration or sedimentation.…”

“…The drawback is that the additives used, such as quaternary ammonium salts, are highly toxic, resulting in additional steps and costs for recovering the additives themselves. 14,15 A large-scale available biobased separation additive, providing a selective separation of the metal ions, would present a major step forward in the directions towards sustainable chemistry in the metal isolation from battery leachate solutions. Designing sustainable metal separation chemistry aligns with UN SDGs 9, 12, 13, 14, and 15, promoting innovation, responsible consumption and production, and ecosystem protection.…”

The effect of two anionic membranes (AMI 7001s and Neosepta AMX) on the electrodeposition of manganese from sulphate solutions

“…High-purity metallic manganese (>99.9%) has a wide range of industrial applications, mainly as an anti-corrosive element, purier and stabiliser in the manufacture of common steels, advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) and non-ferrous alloys. 1,2 Also, it is especially useful in the manufacture of alkaline batteries, new-generation lithium-ion batteries and other widely used chemical reagents requiring controlled purity. 3 The growing demand and quality required for metallic manganese favour electrowinning as the main method for its production.…”

Selenium and sulphur reactions involved in manganese reduction from sulphate solutions

“…Electrolytic Metal Manganese (MME) is an extremely important material in the metallurgical and energetic industries because its purity reaches up to 99.9%, 1 thus making it vital in the production of Advanced High-Strength Steels (AHSS) where it constitutes between 12% and 30% of the alloy. 2 Additionally, in recent years there has been a growing interest in using this substance to obtain specific phases of manganese dioxide in order to manufacture more efficient lithium-ion batteries.…”