Electrodeposition of Cu2O: Determination of Limiting Potential Towards Solar Water Splitting

Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Methane to Hydrogen and Carbon Nanostructures with Fe–Mo Bimetallic Catalysts

“…6 Apart from its utilization in fuel cells, hydrogen has a wide range of industrial importance due to its application as a feedstock in the synthesis of ammonia, methanol, and other high-value chemicals. 7,8 Currently, the majority of commercial H 2 is produced via conventional steam methane reforming (SMR), owing to the plentiful methane reserves in the earth's crust, while nonconventional methods such as solar water splitting and photobiological routes are still in their early stages of development. 9,10 However, SMR approximately accounts for 830 million tonnes of CO x emissions annually, making a serious contribution to global warming.…”

“…The rapid depletion of the accessible deposits of fossil fuels which contribute to the majority of the current energy sources and their effect on climate change have increasingly prompted research and development for environmentally friendly and sustainable alternate energy resources. , Hydrogen is regarded as a versatile, environmentally friendly, and clean energy carrier (heating value = 142 MJ/kg), which upon combustion releases only heat and water. − Having three times the energy storage capacity (per unit weight) of other liquid fuels, hydrogen has the potential to completely replace fossil fuels in the future . Apart from its utilization in fuel cells, hydrogen has a wide range of industrial importance due to its application as a feedstock in the synthesis of ammonia, methanol, and other high-value chemicals. , Currently, the majority of commercial H 2 is produced via conventional steam methane reforming (SMR), owing to the plentiful methane reserves in the earth’s crust, while nonconventional methods such as solar water splitting and photobiological routes are still in their early stages of development. , However, SMR approximately accounts for 830 million tonnes of CO x emissions annually, making a serious contribution to global warming. The reaction is also highly endothermic, commercially operated in the temperature range of 900–1000 °C, for breaking the strong C–H bonds of methane (bond energy = 415 kJ/mol). , The product is a mixture of CO x and hydrogen that demands further high- and low-temperature shift reactors to convert CO to CO 2 followed by separation and purification, rendering a high cost of manufacturing.…”