Electrodeposition of Chromium

Mandich, N. V.; Snyder, Donald L.

doi:10.1002/9780470602638.ch7

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…These extensive studies are primarily due to their high wear resistance and effective corrosion protection. The most common electroless nickel deposition is formed through a metallic alloy composed by nickel and phosphorus, but the possibilities of combining different elements are quite large 1 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Behaviour of Electroless heat Treated Ni-P Coatings as Alternative to Electroplated hard Chromium Deposits

Goettems

Ferreira

2017

Mat. Res.

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In this present study was evaluated the influence of heat treatment on the wear resistance of electroless high phosphorus nickel coating (9-10% P wt.). In addition, both untreated and treated Ni-P deposits were then compared to electroplated hard chromium coatings in terms of wear behaviour. Three different heat treatment conditions were performed at temperatures of 320ºC, 400ºC and 500ºC under different holding times. The selection of the heat treatment conditions was chosen considering the results obtained by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The wear behaviour of the Ni-P samples was investigated through a non-lubricated "ball on plate" test carried out against an Al 2 O 3 counter-face. After an analysis of the friction coefficient, microstructure of the worn surface, width and chemical composition of the wear track, was possible to conclude that the heat treatment affect positively the wear resistance of Ni-P coatings. Treatment conditions of 320ºC with 9 hours holding time and 400ºC with 1 hour holding time showed the best results due to a structural change from amorphous supersatured solid solution of phosphorus in nickel to a crystalline structure of nickel crystallites and nickel phosphides (Ni 3 P) occurred between 320ºC and 360ºC that was verified after x-ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, Ni-P heat treated coatings showed better results when compared to electroplated hard chromium deposits, hence acting as a natural alternative for chromed coatings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Behaviour of Electroless heat Treated Ni-P Coatings as Alternative to Electroplated hard Chromium Deposits

Goettems

Ferreira

2017

Mat. Res.

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“…It is well known that electroplating using chromic acid is very inefficient, typically around 12 %, [27] with most the current being used for gas production. Negligible plating was observed on the CNT pads although some decoration around the pad was observed presumably due to insufficient current density in the CNT coated region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All CNT thin films were grown in a simple DC PACVD system based on a quartz bell jar very similar to that described elsewhere [26] anodes) operated at 50°C [27]. A TTI EX4210R bench power supply was used with, currents of up to 10 Amps for chromium electroplating trials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomagnetic domains of chromium deposited on vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes

Wright¹,

Faulkner²,

Harris³

et al. 2012

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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The drive to create ever smaller magnetic memory devices has led to the development of new nanomagnetic domains on surfaces. This paper reports the development of nano-chromium magnetic domains obtained using electrodeposition on vertically aligned carbon nanofibers arrays. Attempts to achieve this using conventional aqueous solutions were unsuccessful even after thin nickel underlayers were applied. The use of a novel electrolyte, a deep eutectic solvent, made from choline chloride: chromium (III) chloride enabled highly conformal overcoatings of chromium on individual bare carbon nanotubes to be obtained. Very high aspect ratio metal microstructures could be obtained by this novel technology. Magnetic imaging of the coated nanoarrays showed there to be clear magnetic character to the coating when the thin coatings were applied but this disappeared when the deposits were thicker and more contiguous. KeywordsNanomagnet, Carbon, Nanotube, Electrodeposition, Chromium Disciplines Nanoscience and Nanotechnology CommentsCopyright © 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, (2012) AbstractThe drive to create ever smaller magnetic memory devices has led to the development of new nanomagnetic domains on surfaces. This paper reports the development of nano-chromium magnetic domains obtained using electrodeposition on vertically aligned carbon nanofibers arrays. Attempts to achieve this using conventional aqueous solutions were unsuccessful even after thin nickel underlayers were applied. The use of a novel electrolyte, a deep eutectic solvent, made from choline chloride: chromium (III) chloride enabled highly conformal overcoatings of chromium on individual bare carbon nanotubes to be obtained. Very high aspect ratio metal microstructures could be obtained by this novel technology. Magnetic imaging of the coated nanoarrays showed there to be clear magnetic character to the coating when the thin coatings were applied but this disappeared when the deposits were thicker and more contiguous.

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“…É necessário no mínimo 8g/L do reagente para que o revestimento seja formado [5]. Os cloretos e sulfatos são comumente usados para aumentar a condutividade da solução, também de grande importância no processo [6]. Foram feitos testes variando-se corrente e tempo de deposição.…”

Section: Fonte -Takadoum Et Al(2010) Adaptaçãounclassified

Filmes Finos De Cromo Negro Obtidos Por Eletrodeposição

Lana¹,

Nunes²

2017

Anais Do Congresso Anual Da ABM

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ResumoA radiação solar apresenta uma enorme variedade de aplicações de engenharia, dentre elas, a conversão em energia térmica em concentradores solares. Os tubos absorvedores dos concentradores solares podem ser recobertos por cromo negro, com o objetivo de otimizar a absorção energética e a durabilidade. Esse trabalho é parte de um estudo complexo sobre esse tipo de recobrimento. Foram desenvolvidos filmes de cromo negro por eletrodeposição sobre aço inoxidável AISI 304 e tratados termicamente a 600°C por 2 horas. Os filmes foram caracterizados antes e depois do tratamento térmico, utilizando-se microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS) e difração de raios X a baixo ângulo de incidência (GAXRD). Além do cromo, observou-se deposição de cobalto e elementos residuais do banho eletrolítico. O estudo da estrutura cristalina mostrou formação de óxidos após tratamento térmico. Microestruturalmente, foram observados filmes com estrutura lamelar ou nodular. O estudo permitiu sugerir modificações do banho eletrolítico, do substrato e métodos adicionais de caracterização. Palavras-chave: Cromo negro; Deposição eletrolítica; Filmes finos; Difração de raios X a baixo ângulo de incidência. BLACK CHROME THIN FILMS OBTAINED BY ELECTROPLATING AbstractSolar radiation may be used in a wide range of engineering applications, including the conversion into thermal energy in solar power plants. The absorber tubes of solar concentrators can be covered by black chrome, in order to optimize the energetic absorption and durability. This work is part of a complex study about this kind of coating. There were developed thin films of black chrome in 304 stainless steel samples, and annealed at 600°C for 2 hours. The samples were characterized before and after heat treatment using Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and glancing angle x-ray diffraction (GAXRD). In addition to chromium, it was observed the deposition of cobalt and residual elements of the electrolytic bath. The study of crystal structure showed the formation of oxide after the heat treatment. Micro-structurally, there were observed films with lamellar or nodular structure. This study allowed the suggestion of changes in the bath composition, substrate and additional characterization methods.

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Electrodeposition of Chromium

Cited by 43 publications

References 157 publications

Wear Behaviour of Electroless heat Treated Ni-P Coatings as Alternative to Electroplated hard Chromium Deposits

Wear Behaviour of Electroless heat Treated Ni-P Coatings as Alternative to Electroplated hard Chromium Deposits

Nanomagnetic domains of chromium deposited on vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes

Filmes Finos De Cromo Negro Obtidos Por Eletrodeposição

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