Electrodeposition of bismuth telluride thermoelectric films from a nonaqueous electrolyte using ethylene glycol

Nguyen, Hai P.; Wu, Min; Su, Juanjuan; Vullers, Ruud; Vereecken, Philippe M.; Fransaer, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2012.01.091

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The diffusion coefficient for Bi III in 1.0 m HNO 3 aqueous electrolyte was found to be 1.7×10 −6 cm 2 s −1 , as calculated from a Randles–Sevcik plot . The diffusion coefficient for Bi III in 0.5 m LiNO 3 /ethylene glycol at 50 °C was determined to be 1.3×10 −6 cm 2 s −1 from RDE measurements . Given that ionic liquids have higher viscosity than aqueous solutions, the diffusion coefficient is usually smaller in such melts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[48] Thed iffusion coefficient for Bi III in 0.5 m LiNO 3 /ethylene glycol at 50 8Cw as determined to be 1.3 10 À6 cm 2 s À1 from RDE measurements. [49] Given that ionic liquids have higher viscosity than aqueous solutions, the diffusion coefficient is usuallys maller in such melts. In a2:1 AlCl 3 / N-(n-butyl)pyridinium chloride ionic liquid,t he diffusion coefficient of the electroactive bismuth species, namely,B i 5 3 + ions, calculated from the Levich equation, was found to be 2.0 10 À7 cm 2 s À1 , [30] which is significantly larger than that found here in 12CE.…”

Section: The Raman Spectrum Of 12ce Containing [Nnbu 4 ][Biclmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tin, Bismuth, and Tin–Bismuth Alloy Electrodeposition from Chlorometalate Salts in Deep Eutectic Solvents

et al. 2017

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The electrodeposition of tin, bismuth, and tin–bismuth alloys from SnII and BiIII chlorometalate salts in the choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2 molar ratio) deep eutectic solvent was studied on glassy carbon and gold by cyclic voltammetry, rotating disc voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. The SnII‐containing electrolyte showed one voltammetric redox process corresponding to SnII/Sn0. The diffusion coefficient of [SnCl3]−, detected as the dominating species by Raman spectroscopy, was determined from Levich and Cottrell analyses. The BiIII‐containing electrolyte showed two voltammetric reduction processes, both attributed to BiIII/Bi0. Dimensionless current/time transients revealed that the electrodeposition of both Sn and Bi on glassy carbon proceeded by 3D‐progressive nucleation at a low overpotential and changed to instantaneous at higher overpotentials. The nucleation rate of Bi on glassy carbon was considerably smaller than that of Sn. Elemental Sn and Bi were electrodeposited on Au‐coated glass slides from their respective salt solutions, as were Sn–Bi alloys from a 2:1 SnII/BiIII solution. The biphasic Sn–Bi alloys changed from a Bi‐rich composition to a Sn‐rich composition by making the deposition potential more negative.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Raman Spectrum Of 12ce Containing [Nnbu 4 ][Biclmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tin, Bismuth, and Tin–Bismuth Alloy Electrodeposition from Chlorometalate Salts in Deep Eutectic Solvents

et al. 2017

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“…However, the properties of electrodeposited films appear currently lower or comparable at the best to those of bulk samples [16][17][18] and Te(IV) salts present a low solubility in aqueous baths (80 mM [10]). Molecular organic solvents leading to high metallic salts solubility (typically 1M), like dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG), were investigated as alternative to aqueous electrolytes [19][20][21]. Bi x Te y were successfully electrodeposited from both media, but in the case of DMSO, the deposits were characterized by a great roughness and the chemical composition of the films was very sensitive to temperature [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of stoichiometric bismuth telluride Bi2Te3 using a piperidinium ionic liquid binary mixture

Szymczak

Legeai

Michel

et al. 2014

Electrochimica Acta

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“…Another option is use or addition of non-aqueous electrolytes leading to higher metal ion solubilities and a wide electrochemical range in which hydrogen evolution does not affect the targeted plating operation. A variety of non-aqueous media have been investigated for bismuth telluride compounds: ethylene glycol, 8,9 dimethyl sulfoxide, 10-12 ethanol, 13 ionic liquids (choline chloride), 14,15 and even molten salt (AlCl 3 -NaCl-KCl). 16 Although these different procedures (pulse plating or use of non-aqueous media) can be seen as solutions to the problems encountered when growing thick layers, they are more complex and expensive than working in water at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a Soluble Anode in Electrodeposition of Thick Bismuth Telluride Layers

Maas

Diliberto

Vaulx

et al. 2014

Journal of Elec Materi

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International audienceIntegration of thermoelectric devices within an automotive heat exchanger could enable conversion of lost heat into electrical energy, contributing to improved total output from the engine. For this purpose, synthesis of thick bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) films is required. Bismuth telluride has been produced by an electrochemical method in nitric acid with a sacrificial bismuth telluride anode as the source of cations. The binary layer grows on the working electrode while the counter-electrode, a Bi2Te3 disk obtained by high frequency melting, is oxidized to Bi-III and Te-IV. This process leads to auto-regeneration of the solution without modification of its composition. The thickness of films deposited by use of the Bi2Te3 anode was approximately 10 times that without. To demonstrate the utility of a soluble anode in electrochemical deposition, we report characterization of the composition and morphology of the films obtained under different experimental conditions. Perfectly dense and regular Bi2Te3 films (similar to 400 mu m) with low internal stress and uniform composition across the cross-section were prepared. Their thermoelectric properties were assessed

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Electrodeposition of bismuth telluride thermoelectric films from a nonaqueous electrolyte using ethylene glycol

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Tin, Bismuth, and Tin–Bismuth Alloy Electrodeposition from Chlorometalate Salts in Deep Eutectic Solvents

Tin, Bismuth, and Tin–Bismuth Alloy Electrodeposition from Chlorometalate Salts in Deep Eutectic Solvents

Electrodeposition of stoichiometric bismuth telluride Bi2Te3 using a piperidinium ionic liquid binary mixture

Use of a Soluble Anode in Electrodeposition of Thick Bismuth Telluride Layers

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