Electrodeposition of aluminum from molten AlCl3–NaCl–KCl mixture

Jafarian, M.; Mahjani, M.G.; Gobal, F.; Danaee, I.

doi:10.1007/s10800-006-9192-1

Cited by 56 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…High-temperature inorganic molten salts, such as NaClKCl, 25 AlCl 3 -NaCl, 26,27 and AlCl 3 -NaCl-KCl [28][29][30] have been extensively studied and applied for the electrodeposition of Al. However, their highly corrosive natures bring great difficulties for finding container materials that can withstand chemical attack by the melts, 31 and the temperature is very high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A promising method for electrodeposition of aluminium on stainless steel in ionic liquid

et al. 2009

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in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).A promising method for aluminium deposition was proposed by using AlCl 3 /[bmim]Cl (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) ionic liquid as electrolyte. By using this novel method, the volatile and flammable organic solvent systems and the high corrosive inorganic molten salts with high temperature can be substituted, and the deposit microstructure can be easily adjusted by changing the current density, temperature and electrolyte composition. The study was performed by means of galvano-static electrolysis and the optimum operating conditions were determined based on the systematic studies of the effects of current density, temperature, molar ratio of AlCl 3 to [bmim]Cl, stirring speed and deposition time on the quality of deposited coatings. The electrical conductivities of electrolytes were also investigated as a function of temperature (298-358 K) and molar ratio of AlCl 3 to [bmim]Cl (from 0.1:1 to 2.0:1). Dense, bright and adherent aluminium coatings were obtained over a wide range of temperature (298-348 K), current densities (8-44 mA/cm 2 ) and molar ratio (1.6:1-2.0:1). Results from the analysis of crystal structure show that all of the electrodeposits exhibit a preferred (200) crystallographic orientation. Temperature has significant influence on the crystallographic orientation and there does not appear to be an apparent impact of current density on it. Analyses of the chronoamperograms indicate that the deposition process of aluminium on stainless steel was controlled by three-dimension nucleation with diffusion-controlled growth and there is a conversion from progressive nucleation to instantaneous nucleation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A promising method for electrodeposition of aluminium on stainless steel in ionic liquid

et al. 2009

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“…Its potential was monitored against an aluminum (99.999% purity) reference electrode directly immersed in the melt [16]. A large graphite rod was used as counter electrode.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In view of their interesting acid-base properties chloroaluminate melts (alkali metal chloride-AlCl 3 mixtures) have received considerable attention by molten salt chemists and a number of reports on the electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of both organic and inorganic substances in these media have appeared [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Al, Mn, and Al–Mn Alloy on aluminum electrodes from molten salt (AlCl3–NaCl–KCl)

et al. 2009

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Electrochemical deposition of aluminum and manganese from basic and acidic molten AlCl 3 -NaCl-KCl mixture on an aluminum electrode at 180°C was studied by the methods of voltammetry, and potential and current transient. The deposition of aluminum was found to proceed via a nucleation/growth mechanism in basic melt, while the deposition of manganese was found to be diffusion controlled in basic melt. The diffusion coefficient of Mn 2? ions in basic melt, as derived by voltammetry was in agreement with the deductions of transient methods. Analysis of the chronoamperograms indicates that the deposition of manganese on Al was controlled by 3D diffusion controlled nucleation and growth. The processes are manifested as peaks on a decaying chronoamperogram. Non-linear fitting methods were applied to obtain the kinetic parameters from theoretical formulae proposed to describe this system. It is also found that under more cathodic potentials, the saturation number density of the manganese nuclei and also the efficiency of use of the available surface nucleation sites increased.

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“…Aluminum, that is less noble than hydrogen, is difficult to electrodeposit from aqueous solution. Therefore, the possibility of forming an aluminum film using an organic solvent, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] molten salts, [8][9][10][11] hydride 12 or ionic liquid [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] has been studied. Dimethyl sulfone (DMSO 2 ) is one of the most promising solvent for aluminum plating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Crystallographic Orientation and Structural Characteristics for Electrodeposited Aluminum

et al. 2016

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The effects of preparing condition on crystallographic orientation for electrodeposited aluminum from the plating solution with aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) and dimethyl sulfone (DMSO 2 ) were investigated. The molar ratio of DMSO 2 :AlCl 3 was controlled from 10:1 to 10:5. The temperature range of the solution was from 110 to 150°C. The current density was set from 300 to 600 A/m 2 . The crystallographic orientation of the samples was strongly influenced by the solution composition and temperature. The films from the solution with ratio of 10:3 exhibited the highly (200) preferred orientation. On the other hand, current density hardly affected the crystallographic orientation within our current density range. The crystallographic orientation is discussed by means of the Pangarov's model based on the two-dimensional nuclei theory.

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Electrodeposition of aluminum from molten AlCl3–NaCl–KCl mixture

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

A promising method for electrodeposition of aluminium on stainless steel in ionic liquid

A promising method for electrodeposition of aluminium on stainless steel in ionic liquid

Electrodeposition of Al, Mn, and Al–Mn Alloy on aluminum electrodes from molten salt (AlCl3–NaCl–KCl)

Control of Crystallographic Orientation and Structural Characteristics for Electrodeposited Aluminum

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