Electrodeionization of low-concentrated multicomponent Ni2+-containing solutions using organic–inorganic ion-exchanger

Fouling of polymer and organic-inorganic membranes during filtration of corn distillery

“…Hydrophilic inorganic particles inside pores of the membrane are a barrier against fouling with organics [14]. Moreover, in the case of synthetic ion exchangers [15][16][17], ion exchange membranes [18] or fibrous biomaterials [19], this approach allows us not only to protect them from organic species, but also to improve functional properties [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Heterogeneous Membranes Modified with Nanoparticles of Inorganic Ion-Exchangers for Whey Demineralization

“…Another approach is modification of the membranes, which are produced by industry, with nanoparticles of inorganic ion-exchanger [11]. This way allows us to incorporate single nanoparticles [12][13][14] or their aggregates [15]. Each type of the particles affects functional properties of the membranes, however, this problem was not researched.…”

Synthesis, characterization and photolytic degradation activity of poly-o-toluidine–thorium(IV)molybdophosphate cation exchanger: Analytical application in metal ion treatment

“…The composite materials bearing phosphate group have been synthesized and were successfully employed owing to their high ion exchange capacity, thermal and chemical stabilities, reproducibility and preferential ion selectivity. It has been observed that the insertion of zirconium hydrophosphate, which forms both single and aggregated nanoparticles in the polymer matrix, increased the electrical conductivity of the cation-exchange resin from 0.2 to 0.7 Ω −1 m −1 with an increase in total ion exchange capacity from 600 to 1800 mol m −3 [10]. In order to provide thermal stability to the hybrid material, thorium compounds offer great advantage owing to high melting point of around 3300°C for thorium oxide.…”