“…Chronic inflammation impairs neurovascular coupling 3 , disrupts the energy supply to the brain, and elevates oxidative stress 4 . Furthermore, neuroinflammation increases the permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) 5 , allowing infiltration of blood contents such as fibrinogen, which can lead to damage in brain tissue 6 , 7 . These changes induced by inflammation are linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease 8 , multiple sclerosis 9 , and Parkinson’s disease 10 , as well as play a role in the aging process 11 , pain sensation 12 , gliomas 13 , injuries induced by stroke 14 , traumatic brain injury 15 , and the foreign body response (FBR) to brain implants 16 .…”