Electrode in direct methanol fuel cells

Zainoodin, Azran Mohd; Kamarudin, Siti Kartom; Daud, Wan Ramli Wan

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.02.036

Cited by 134 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) operating under ambient temperature are gaining interest due to their safe and profitable use as portable power in the market for mobile phones, laptops and other portable electric devices [1][2][3]. However, the attractive low temperature DMFCs possess presents certain drawbacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Electrodeposition Time in the Synthesis of Carbon-Supported Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolye Fuel Cells

et al. 2016

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Pt(Cu)/C and Pt-Ru(Cu)/C electrocatalysts with core-shell structure supported on Vulcan Carbon XC72R have been synthesized by potentiostatic deposition of Cu nanoparticles on the support, galvanic exchange with Pt and spontaneous deposition of Ru species. The duration of the electrodeposition time of the different species has been modified and the obtained electrocatalysts have been characterized using electrochemical and structural techniques. The High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalyses allowed the determining of the effects of the electrodeposition time on the nanoparticle size and composition. The best conditions identified from Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) corresponded to onset potentials for CO and methanol oxidation on Pt-Ru(Cu)/C of 0.41 and 0.32 V vs. the Reversible Hydrogen Electrode (RHE), respectively, which were smaller by about 0.05 V than those determined for Ru-decorated commercial Pt/C. The CO oxidation peak potentials were about 0.1 V smaller when compared to commercial Pt/C and Pt-Ru/C. The positive effect of Cu was related to its electronic effect on the Pt shells and also to the generation of new active sites for CO oxidation. The synthesis conditions to obtain the best performance for CO and methanol oxidation on the core-shell Pt-Ru(Cu)/C electrocatalysts were identified. When compared to previous results in literature for methanol, ethanol and formic acid oxidation on Pt(Cu)/C catalysts, the present results suggest an additional positive effect of the deposited Ru species due to the introduction of the bifunctional mechanism for CO oxidation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Electrodeposition Time in the Synthesis of Carbon-Supported Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolye Fuel Cells

et al. 2016

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“…This produces the metal poisoning and decreases the anode performance. On the other hand, Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) are envisaged for low-weight portable applications such as laptops, cellular phones, sensors, and medical devices, in which the methanol fuel can be easily managed and recharged [4][5][6][7][8]. In this case, the anodic oxidation of methanol produces CO-type intermediates, which also lead to the Pt metal poisoning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to solve this problem, Pt-containing binary and ternary alloys have alternatively been studied [3,5,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The amount of Pt used could also be decreased in this form, because it is expensive and has a limited abundance in the Earth [3,7,8,11,[16][17][18]. In this way, Pt-Ru and Pt alloy nanoparticles containing Au, Ni, Cu, Co, Pd, and/or other transition metals have been tested on different carbon substrates as anodic catalysts [1,2,6,[9][10][11]13,16,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Oxidation of the Carbon Support to Synthesize Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells

Caballero-Manrique¹,

Brillas²,

Centellas³

et al. 2015

Catalysts

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Abstract:The synthesis of core-shell Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) electrocatalysts allows for a reduction in the amount of precious metal and, as was previously shown, a better CO oxidation performance can be achieved when compared to the nanoparticulated Pt and Pt-Ru ones. In this paper, the carbon black used as the support was previously submitted to electrochemical oxidation and characterized by XPS. The new catalysts thus prepared were characterized by HRTEM, FFT, EDX, and electrochemical techniques. Cu nanoparticles were generated by electrodeposition and were further transformed into Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) core-shell nanoparticles by successive galvanic exchange with Pt and spontaneous deposition of Ru species, the smallest ones being 3.3 nm in mean size. The onset potential for CO oxidation was as good as that obtained for the untreated carbon, with CO stripping peak potentials about 0.1 and 0.2 V more negative than those corresponding to Pt/C and Ru-decorated Pt/C, respectively. Carbon oxidation yielded an additional improvement in the catalyst performance, because the ECSA values for hydrogen adsorption/desorption were much higher than those obtained for the non-oxidized carbon. This suggested a higher accessibility of the Pt sites in spite of having the same nanoparticle structure and mean size. OPEN ACCESSCatalysts 2015, 5 816

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“…Many researchers have been focused on the methanol oxidation with Pt-Ru electro-catalysts. [39][40][41] The potential for methanol electro-oxidation, at which the peak current occurs, is 0.9 V and the peak current density is 12.5 mA/cm 2 during positive potential scanning on the Pt-Ru catalyst from the curve (c). The peak potential and the peak current density on the Pt-Ru catalyst are about 0.67 V and 14 mA/cm 2 , respectively, during its reverse scanning.…”

Section: -37mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Behavior of Pt-Ru Catalysts on Zeolite-templated Carbon Supports for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Lim¹,

Lee²,

Yoo³

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Zeolite-templated carbons (ZTCs), which have high specific surface area, were prepared by a conventional templating method using microporous zeolite-Y for catalyst supports in direct methanol fuel cells. The ZTCs were synthesized at different temperatures to investigate the characteristics of the surface produced and their electrochemical properties. Thereafter, Pt-Ru was deposited at different carbonization temperatures by a chemical reduction method. The crystalline and structural features were investigated using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The textural properties of the ZTCs were investigated by analyzing N 2 /77 K adsorption isotherms using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller equation, while the micro-and meso-pore size distributions were analyzed using the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda and Harvarth-Kawazoe methods, respectively. The surface morphology was characterized using transmission electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The electrochemical properties of the Pt-Ru/ZTCs catalysts were also analyzed by cyclic voltammetry measurements. From the results, the ZTCs carbonized at 900 °C show the highest specific surface areas. In addition, ZTC900-PR led to uniform dispersion of Pt-Ru on the ZTCs, which enhanced the electro-catalytic activity of the Pt-Ru catalysts. The particle size of ZTC900-PR catalyst is about 3.4 nm, also peak current density from the CV plot is 12.5 mA/cm 2 . Therefore, electro-catalytic activity of the ZTC900-PR catalyst is higher than those of ZTC1000-PR catalyst.

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Electrode in direct methanol fuel cells

Cited by 134 publications

References 57 publications

Effects of the Electrodeposition Time in the Synthesis of Carbon-Supported Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolye Fuel Cells

Effects of the Electrodeposition Time in the Synthesis of Carbon-Supported Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolye Fuel Cells

Electrochemical Oxidation of the Carbon Support to Synthesize Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells

Electrochemical Behavior of Pt-Ru Catalysts on Zeolite-templated Carbon Supports for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

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