Electrode complications in 100 adults with multichannel cochlear implants

Stoddart, R. L.; Cooper, Huw

doi:10.1017/s0022215100146031

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…Finally, an important goal in fitting a cochlear implant is to get rid of electrodes that produce undesirable stimulations. The complications include stimulation of other facial nerves and muscles, such as vibration, pain, eye twitching, and vestibular responses (Niparko et al , 1991; Stoddart and Cooper, 1999). Occasionally, these complications can be avoided by adjusting the electric stimulation parameters such as the pulse duration and the electrode mode.…”

Section: Engineering Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Cochlear Implants

Zeng

2004

Trends in Amplification

329

238

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More than 60,000 people worldwide use cochlear implants as a means to restore functional hearing. Although individual performance variability is still high, an average implant user can talk on the phone in a quiet environment. Cochlear-implant research has also matured as a field, as evidenced by the exponential growth in both the patient population and scientific publication. The present report examines current issues related to audiologic, clinical, engineering, anatomic, and physiologic aspects of cochlear implants, focusing on their psychophysical, speech, music, and cognitive performance. This report also forecasts clinical and research trends related to presurgical evaluation, fitting protocols, signal processing, and postsurgical rehabilitation in cochlear implants. Finally, a future landscape in amplification is presented that requires a unique, yet complementary, contribution from hearing aids, middle ear implants, and cochlear implants to achieve a total solution to the entire spectrum of hearing loss treatment and management. Trends in Cochlear ImplantsFan-Gang Zeng, PhD IntroductionCochlear implants are the only medical intervention that can restore partial hearing to a totally deafened person via electric stimulation of the residual auditory nerve. Twenty years ago, the cochlear implant started as a single-electrode device that was used mainly for enhancing lipreading and providing sound awareness. Today, it is a sophisticated multielectrode device that allows most of its 60,000 users to talk on the phone. The implant candidacy has been expanded to include children as young as 3 months and adults who have significant functional residual hearing, particularly at low frequencies. Commercial and research enterprises have also matured to generate annual revenues of hundreds of millions of dollars and to command attention from multidisciplinary fields including engineering, medicine, and neuroscience.This review describes what a cochlear implant is and how it works, and discusses its past, present, and future. It also focuses on audiologic and clinical issues, engineering issues, anatomic and physiologic issues, and cochlear-implant performance in basic psychophysics, speech, music, and cognition. Finally, trends in cochlear implants from clinical, research, and system points of view are presented. History of Cochlear ImplantsDevelopment of cochlear implants can be traced back at least 200 years to the Italian scientist Alessandro Volta, who invented the battery (the unit volt was named after him). He used the battery as a research tool to demonstrate that electric stimulation could directly evoke auditory, visual, olfactory, and touch sensations in humans (Volta, 1800). When placing one of the two ends of a 50-volt battery in each of his ears, he observed that ". . . at the moment when the circuit was completed, I received a shock in the head, and some moments after I began to hear a sound, or rather noise in the ears, which I cannot well define: it was a kind of crackling with shocks, as if some paste...

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Section: Engineering Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Cochlear Implants

Zeng

2004

Trends in Amplification

329

238

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Still, some patients develop facial nerve stimulation in the absence of any of these conditions. In their review of 100 adult patients receiving cochlear implants, Stoddart et al found that the most common reason for an electrode to require deactivation was facial nerve stimulation 1 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Characteristics of Facial Nerve Stimulation in Children With Cochlear Implants

2006

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35% (42 of 121). In most cases, facial nerve stimulation occurred when levels were perceptually loud but comfortable. Conclusions: 1) Facial nerve potentials can be recorded using EMG in a large proportion of cochlear implant users at high levels of stimulation. 2) The EABR can be obscured in the presence of facial nerve stimulation and care should be taken to distinguish it from the EMG response, particularly when auditory brainstem activity is in question. 3) Use of surface EMG provides an additional objective measure to ensure the safe and comfortable use of cochlear implants.

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“…Functioning electrodes may have to be switched off because of inadvertent facial nerve stimulation, especially by the more apical electrodes. 6,7 All these problems can contribute to poor performance in a noisy background and to unsatisfactory performance in single‐word testing in implanted individuals. 1 Further, because cochlear implants require an intact cochlea for implantation, they are not well suited for subjects with malformed cochlea (eg, common cavity or Mondini malformation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%