Electrocorticographic gamma activity during word production in spoken and sign language

Crone, Nathan E.; Liang, Hao; Hart, John; Boatman, Dana; Lesser, Ronald P.; Irizarry, Rafael A.; Gordon, Barry

doi:10.1212/wnl.57.11.2045

Cited by 271 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These non-phase-locked responses in "high-gamma" frequencies, typically greater than 60 Hz and extending as high as 200 Hz, have been observed during functional activation in a variety of cortical domains, including sensorimotor (Crone et al, 1998a;Ohara et al, 2000;Pfurtscheller et al, 2003;Leuthardt et al, 2004), oculomotor (Lachaux et. al., 2006), auditory (Crone et al, 2001a;Ray et al, 2003;Edwards et al, 2005), visual (Crone et al, 2001b;Lachaux et al, 2005;Tanji et al, 2005), and language (Crone et al, 2001b;Sinai et al, 2005) cortices. However, their correlation with selective attention has not yet been unequivocally established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-frequency gamma activity (80–150Hz) is increased in human cortex during selective attention

Ray

Niebur

Hsiao

et al. 2008

Clinical Neurophysiology

207

163

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Objective: To study the role of gamma oscillations (>30 Hz) in selective attention using subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) in humans. Methods:We recorded ECoG in human subjects implanted with subdural electrodes for epilepsy surgery. Sequences of auditory tones and tactile vibrations of 800 ms duration were presented asynchronously, and subjects were asked to selectively attend to one of the two stimulus modalities in order to detect an amplitude increase at 400 ms in some of the stimuli.Results: Event-related ECoG gamma activity was greater over auditory cortex when subjects attended auditory stimuli and was greater over somatosensory cortex when subjects attended vibrotactile stimuli. Furthermore, gamma activity was also observed over prefrontal cortex when stimuli appeared in either modality, but only when they were attended. Attentional modulation of gamma power began ∼400 ms after stimulus onset, consistent with the temporal demands on attention. The increase in gamma activity was greatest at frequencies between 80 and 150 Hz, in the so-called high gamma frequency range.Conclusions: There appears to be a strong link between activity in the high-gamma range (80-150 Hz) and selective attention.Significance: Selective attention is correlated with increased activity in a frequency range that is significantly higher than what has been reported previously using EEG recordings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-frequency gamma activity (80–150Hz) is increased in human cortex during selective attention

Ray

Niebur

Hsiao

et al. 2008

Clinical Neurophysiology

207

163

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“…This shift in power toward lower frequencies is thought to reflect thalamic hyperpolarization (2). The higher frequencies, or γ-rhythms, are thought to result from small ensembles of cortical neurons firing in synchrony and are associated with higher cognitive operations (13). Thus, their decline with anesthesia has been posited to represent a suppression of cortex, associated with a reduced capacity to integrate information (14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stable and dynamic cortical electrophysiology of induction and emergence with propofol anesthesia

Breshears

Roland²,

Sharma³

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

109

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The mechanism(s) by which anesthetics reversibly suppress consciousness are incompletely understood. Previous functional imaging studies demonstrated dynamic changes in thalamic and cortical metabolic activity, as well as the maintained presence of metabolically defined functional networks despite the loss of consciousness. However, the invasive electrophysiology associated with these observations has yet to be studied. By recording electrical activity directly from the cortical surface, electrocorticography (ECoG) provides a powerful method to integrate spatial, temporal, and spectral features of cortical electrophysiology not possible with noninvasive approaches. In this study, we report a unique comprehensive recording of invasive human cortical physiology during both induction and emergence from propofol anesthesia. Propofolinduced transitions in and out of consciousness (defined here as responsiveness) were characterized by maintained large-scale functional networks defined by correlated fluctuations of the slow cortical potential (<0.5 Hz) over the somatomotor cortex, present even in the deeply anesthetized state of burst suppression. Similarly, phase-power coupling between θ-and γ-range frequencies persisted throughout the induction and emergence from anesthesia. Superimposed on this preserved functional architecture were alterations in frequency band power, variance, covariance, and phase-power interactions that were distinct to different frequency ranges and occurred in separable phases. These data support that dynamic alterations in cortical and thalamocortical circuit activity occur in the context of a larger stable architecture that is maintained despite anesthetic-induced alterations in consciousness.cortical networks | human cortex | gamma rhythms E very year millions of people undergo general anesthesia, yet the mechanism(s) by which widely used clinical anesthetics reversibly ablate consciousness remains incompletely understood (1). Moreover, the manner in which the brain is able to tolerate global pharmacologic suppression, yet still maintain memories and resume complex cortical interactions that define a person's cognition after removal of this suppression, also remains unknown. Thus far, the majority of studies in humans have used noninvasive methods such as functional imaging and electroencephalography (EEG) to arrive at the current understanding. To date, positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies show that there is a complex interplay between and within the thalamus and the cortex. These studies demonstrate that the thalamus is a common site of deactivation during induction by various anesthetic agents (2,3), that there appears to be a disruption of thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical connectivity (4, 5), and that specific regions of association cortices show enhanced deactivation with certain anesthetics (6, 7). In parallel with these dynamic interactions, there also appear to be physiologic elements that are invariant and do not change wi...

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“…Several earlier studies have shown that gamma activity in the same or overlapping cortical areas can be modulated by language tasks such as listening to or repeating words (e.g. Crone et al, 2001a;Crone et al, 2001b;Towle et al, 2008;Wu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Gamma-oscillations From Bench To Bedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma-oscillations from bench to bed

Grünwald

Sarnthein²

2012

Clinical Neurophysiology

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In the presurgical evaluation of patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsies, the borders between disciplines tend to oscillate. In particular, the necessity to evaluate the functional capacity of a cortical area that has been shown to be epileptogenic and is thus being considered for resection often makes it impossible not to trespass between neurophysiology and neuropsychology. In epilepsy surgery, the principle of "first, do no harm", often blurs the distinction between "bed and bench": findings from basic sciences that implicate a certain brain region in specific neurological or neuropsychological functions must be taken into account when an elective resection of a structure is considered -even if resection might relieve the patient from frequent intolerable seizures. That may seem to go without saying and, in fact, several examinations that are used routinely in modern presurgical evaluation are really shortcuts in the path from bench to bed. It may be an excuse that there are still are no generally accepted protocols for examinations such as the intracarotid amobarbital ("Wada") test or language mapping by electrostimulation, be the latter intrasurgical or by chronically implanted subdural electrodes. On the other hand, the opposite way "from bed to bench and back" has a famous history in epilepsy surgery: a new area of memory research followed Brenda Milner's analysis of the famous anterograde amnesia caused by the resection of both hippocampi in Henry Molaison (H.M.) and, eventually, this has led to important clinical applications in both neuropsychology and neurophysiology.

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Electrocorticographic gamma activity during word production in spoken and sign language

Cited by 271 publications

References 39 publications

High-frequency gamma activity (80–150Hz) is increased in human cortex during selective attention

High-frequency gamma activity (80–150Hz) is increased in human cortex during selective attention

Stable and dynamic cortical electrophysiology of induction and emergence with propofol anesthesia

Gamma-oscillations from bench to bed

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