Electrocoagulation removal of Cr(VI) from simulated wastewater using response surface methodology

Bhatti, Manpreet S.; Reddy, A. S.; Thukral, Ashwani Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.072

Cited by 130 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…One of these techniques is the process of electrocoagulation which is a novel and efficient method for heavy metals removal (Akbal and Camc 2011;Arroyo et al 2009;Bhatti et al 2009;Schulz et al 2009;Sun et al 2009). Other methods for removing metal ions from wastewater are deposition, evaporation, solvent extraction, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, separation by membrane, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective parameters for the adsorption of chromium(III) onto iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle

Shahriari

Bidhendi

Mehrdadi

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Most of the industrial wastewaters comprise toxic, biologically non-biodegradable, and heavy metals which tend to accumulate in the biological organisms causing different diseases. There are some novel technologies and strategies to remove these pollutants. Using the magnetic nanoparticles which are cheap, recyclable, and reusable can be considered as an effective method for removing the pollutants as they do not require conservation or complicated equipments. Using this method, dangerous and rare heavy metals can be restored to the industry. In this study, magnetic nanoparticles with the size of 30 nm were prepared and used for the removal of chromium from synthetic wastewater polluted by chromium sulfate. For this purpose, removal of various concentrations of chromium(III) from wastewater was investigated. The best concentration was achieved in the removal efficiency of 99.1 %. The optimal values of pH, rotation speed of magnetic stirrer, time, temperature, and the amount of nanoparticles were determined according to the primary concentration (500 mg/L). The mechanism of chromium adsorption onto iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) magnetic nanoadsorbent was also investigated. The results showed both Freundlich and Longmuir isotherms to be the best fit for the chromium adsorption, with Freundlich isotherm being more suitable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective parameters for the adsorption of chromium(III) onto iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle

Shahriari

Bidhendi

Mehrdadi

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Therefore, several technologies to remove Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions have been developed [24]. The industrial waste and soil are treated by various physico-chemical methods: electrochemical reduction [44], electrocoagulation [45], precipitation, adsorption [46], ion exchange [47] and membrane separation [48]. However, the initial costs to set up the necessary tools and to manage those methods are quite high for treatments on a bigger scale.…”

Section: Chemical and Biological Treatment Of Chromium (Vi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Geomicrobiology of Chromium (VI) Pollution: Microbial Diversity and its Bioremediation Potential

Al-Battashi

Joshi²,

Pracejus³

et al. 2016

TOBIOTJ

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Abstract:The role and significance of microorganisms in environmental recycling activities marks geomicrobiology one of the essential branches within the environmental biotechnology field. Naturally occurring microbes also play geo-active roles in rocks, leading to biomineralization or biomobilization of minerals and metals. Heavy metals, such as chromium (Cr), are essential micronutrients at very low concentrations, but are very toxic at higher concentrations. Generally, heavy metals are leached to the environment through natural processes or anthropogenic activities such as industrial processes, leading to pollution with serious consequences. The presence of potentially toxic heavy metals, including Cr, in soils does not necessarily result in toxicity because not all forms of metals are toxic. Microbial interaction with Cr by different mechanisms leads to its oxidation or reduction, where its toxicity could be increased or decreased. Chromite contains both Cr(III) and Fe(II) and microbial utilization of Fe(II)-Fe(III) conversion or Cr (III) -Cr (VI) could lead to the break-down of this mineral. Therefore, the extraction of chromium from its mineral as Cr (III) form increases the possibility of its oxidation and conversion to the more toxic form (Cr (VI)), either biologically or geochemically. Cr (VI) is quite toxic to plants, animals and microbes, thus its levels in the environment need to be studied and controlled properly. Several bacterial and fungal isolates showed high tolerance and resistance to toxic Cr species and they also demonstrated transformation to less toxic form Cr (III), and precipitation. The current review highlights toxicity issues associated with Cr species and environmental friendly bioremediation mediated by microorganisms.

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“…As a typical physico-chemical process, iron electrocoagulation has been applied to remove a variety of aqueous contaminants, such as heavy metal ions, grease and oil, suspended particles, soluble surfactant and dyes (Al-Shannaget al, 2014;Bhatti et al, 2009;Canizares et al, 2008;Emamjomeh and Sivakumar, 2009;Kobya et al, 2011;Moussavi et al, 2011;Parsa et al, 2011;Sengil and Ozacar, 2006). The mechanisms of removal of contaminants by iron electrocoagulation usually include coagulation, flotation and redox transformation (Emamjomeh and Sivakumar, 2009;Noubactep andSchoner, 2009, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Electrocoagulation With Enhanced Cathodic Reduction for the Removal of Aqueous Contaminant Mixtures

Mao

Baek

2015

Environ. Eng. Manag. J.

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This study presents enhanced reduction of soluble contaminants in a modified electrocoagulation process that is capable of treating a mixture of aqueous contaminants. By incorporating an iron foam cathode, the process can remove aqueous trichloroethylene (TCE) by 99.1% and nitrate ions by 98.2%, which represents 58.1 and 20 percent higher than the removal rates achieved by iron plate cathode, respectively. pH and ORP measurements indicate the development of a reducing electrolyte condition due to the ferrous generation from an iron anode, which facilitates the reduction of soluble contaminants because the competition from O2 reduction is eliminated in the system. Both iron foam and vitreous carbon foam electrodes are compatible with polarity reversal, without any deterioration in the efficiency of electroreduction of TCE and nitrate. The modified iron electrolysis process demonstrates versatility for the treatment of mixtures of contaminants, including a binary mixture of TCE and dichromate, a mixture of selenate and nitrate and a mixture of phosphate and nitrate. The ferrous species generated from the iron anode can reduce and (or) co-precipitate certain aqueous contaminants such as dichromate, selenate and phosphate, while the cathodic process can directly reduce contaminants like TCE and nitrate. Compared with the conventional electrocoagulation system that consists of two planar electrodes, the proposed process is not only more effective, but also suitable for the development of integrated and versatile process for the treatment of co-contaminated wastewater or groundwater.

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Electrocoagulation removal of Cr(VI) from simulated wastewater using response surface methodology

Cited by 130 publications

References 34 publications

Effective parameters for the adsorption of chromium(III) onto iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle

Effective parameters for the adsorption of chromium(III) onto iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle

The Geomicrobiology of Chromium (VI) Pollution: Microbial Diversity and its Bioremediation Potential

Iron Electrocoagulation With Enhanced Cathodic Reduction for the Removal of Aqueous Contaminant Mixtures

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