Electrochromic tungsten oxide films for energy efficient windows

Svensson, Jan-Erik; Granqvist, C.G.

doi:10.1016/0165-1633(84)90025-x

Cited by 152 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Furthermore, the incorporation of carbon additives did not modify the optical features of the semiconductor, as detected by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (Figure 2), which is expected as the WO3/carbon catalysts were prepared by physical mixture of both components. Indeed, the spectrum of WO3 presented the characteristic absorption sharp edge at 470 nm that corresponds to a band-gap of 2.6 eV, in agreement with the values reported in the literature (Kopp et al, 1977;Bullett, 1983;Svensson and Granqvist, 1984;Cotton and Wilkinson, 1988;Hjelm et al, 1996;Irie et al, 2008;Nosaka et al, 2011;Kumar and Rao, 2015). The spectra corresponding to the WO3/carbon catalysts showed similar profiles below 500 nm, with the sharp edge around 470 nm characteristic of the bare semiconductor.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Keywords: tungsten oxide, nanoporous carbons, heterogeneous photocatalysis, photosensitization, simulated solar light inTrODUcTiOn WO3 is a n-type semiconductor usually presenting a three-dimensional arrangement of slightly distorted corner-shared [WO6] octahedra derived from ideal cubic perovskite (type ReO3), which is responsible of its electrooptical, electrochromic, ferroelectric, and catalytic properties (Svensson and Granqvist, 1984;Cotton and Wilkinson, 1988;Kumar and Rao, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Carbon Materials as Additives to WO3 for an Enhanced Conversion of Simulated Solar Light

et al. 2016

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We have explored the impact of the incorporation of nanoporous carbons as additives to tungsten oxide on the photocatalytic degradation of two recalcitrant pollutants: rhodamine B (RhB) and phenol, under simulated solar light. For this purpose, WO3/ carbon mixtures were prepared using three carbon materials with different properties (in terms of porosity, structural order and surface chemistry). Despite the low carbon content used (2 wt.%), a significant increase in the photocatalytic performance of the semiconductor was observed for all the catalysts. Moreover, the influence of the carbon additive on the performance of the photocatalysts was found to be very different for the two pollutants. Carbon additives of hydrophobic nature increased the photodegradation yield of phenol compared to bare WO3, likely due to the higher affinity and stronger interactions of phenol molecules toward basic nanoporous carbons. Oppositely, the use of acidic carbon additives led to higher RhB conversions due to increased acidity of the WO3/carbon mixtures and the stronger affinity of the pollutant for acidic catalyst's surfaces. As a result, the photooxidation of RhB is favored by means of a coupled (photosensitized and photocatalytic) degradation mechanism. All these results highlight the importance of favoring the interactions of the pollutant with the catalyst's surface through a detailed design of the features of the photocatalyst.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

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confidence: 99%

Carbon Materials as Additives to WO3 for an Enhanced Conversion of Simulated Solar Light

et al. 2016

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“…Characterizing the films as W 1-x Ti x O y , we found (x, Film densities were evaluated from surface profilometry and RBS data, as described elsewhere [34], and were found to be ~6.0 g/cm 2 . In our earlier work [34], we found the density of W oxide films to be 5.2 g/cm 3 , i.e., somewhat smaller than here.…”

Section: Compositional Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Thin films of these oxides have long been of interest for a variety of uses in optical technology. The largest of these applications is in "smart windows", whose transmittance of solar energy and visible light can be altered in order to create energy efficiency jointly with a benign indoor environment in buildings [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromism in sputter-deposited W–Ti oxide films: Durability enhancement due to Ti

Arvizu

Triana

Stefanov

et al. 2014

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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Electrochromism in sputter-deposited W-Ti oxide films: Durability enhancement due to Ti. Solar Energy Materials and Solar AbstractThin films of W-Ti oxide were prepared by reactive DC magnetron sputtering and were characterized by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The electrochromic properties were studied by cyclic voltammetry in an electrolyte of lithium perchlorate in propylene carbonate and by optical transmittance measurements. The addition of Ti significantly promoted the amorphous nature of the films and stabilized their electrochemical cycling performance and dynamic range for electrochromism.

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“…This electrochromic window is also known as "Smart Windows" and it is new technological development which automatically controls the amount of light and solar energy in buildings and provides comfort [33,34]. It is also used in architectural glazing or skylights to control the solar heat entrance and to save energy for air-conditioning in summer and heating in winter [35,36].…”

Section: Smart Windowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on WO3 films prepared by various methods

2015

Appl. Sci. Lett.

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Recent developments in the synthesis of transition metal oxides in the form of thin films have opened up opportunities in the construction of electrochromic devices with enhanced properties. Transition metal oxides like WO3 and MoO3 have good electrochromic properties and these oxides can also change their optical properties when a voltage pulse is applied. These electrochromic materials are used for displays, gas sensors, rear-view mirrors and smart windows for energy saving applications. There are numbers of different techniques used for the deposition of stable thin films of these oxide materials. Tungsten Oxide (WO3) is the best suited material for energy conservation applications. Thin films of WO3 are deposited by various techniques that offers flexibility, allows the fabrication of required topographical, physical, crystallographic, desired geometrical and metallurgical structures. This review paper is aimed to summarize applications of WO3 thin films as an electrochromic material and the effect of various deposition techniques on its electrochromic and optical properties.

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Electrochromic tungsten oxide films for energy efficient windows

Cited by 152 publications

References 24 publications

Carbon Materials as Additives to WO3 for an Enhanced Conversion of Simulated Solar Light

Carbon Materials as Additives to WO3 for an Enhanced Conversion of Simulated Solar Light

Electrochromism in sputter-deposited W–Ti oxide films: Durability enhancement due to Ti

A Review on WO3 films prepared by various methods

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